3. The Fashoda Incident

5. Fashoda Incident , Le Petit Journal, 20th November 1898

6. Fashoda incident: Punch magazine, 8th October 1898

7. The Great Game, rivalry between the Tsarist Russian Empire and the British Empire in the 19th Century

8. Two anglo-Afghan Wars: 1838 and 1881

9. THE GREAT GAME ( )
British and Russian expansion in Central Asia in the 19th Century.
Rivalry between Britain and Russia in Afghanistan and Persia:
Britain alarmed by Russian expansion into Afghanistan, seen as a threat to the “Jewel of the Crown” India.
(Expansion: 4000 miles distance early 18th century by 1850 gap narrowed to 1000 miles)
1st Anglo-Afghan war 1838 : Britain retreated
2nd Anglo-Afghan war 1878/80 GB invaded Afghanistan then retreated. The politics of Afghanistan came under the control of GB but no change of régime.

10. Then both empires were alarmed by Germany’s activity in the Middle East (project of a Bagdad railway opening up Iran and Irak to German trade)
1907 Anglo-Russian Convention. End of the Great Game.
Persia was divided into 3 zones:
. South : British
. North: Russian
. In the middle a neutral, buffer zone

11. The Great Game