1. Who, What, When, Where, Why, & How?
Mongol Empire
Who, What, When, Where, Why, & How?

2. Who were the Mongols? Nomadic Tribe from Central Asia
Had large herds of animals
Goats
Sheep
Horse
Warrior/Clan culture
Hunters
Plains/Steppe
Highly Mobile
THE HORSE!!!

3. Central Asia

4. Who? Key People Genghis Khan 1162-1227 Kublai Khan 1215-1294
United the nomadic people of the west central Asia plains
Kublai Khan
Conquered the Song Dynasty in China
Established the Yuan Dynasty
Continued to try and expand – SE Asia

5. When?
1196C.E. Genghis Khan unites nomadic tribes in central Asia 1211 C.E. Genghis Khan attacks northern Chinese Kingdom of Jin 1223 C.E. Mongols begin to invade Eastern Europe including modern day Russia 1227 C.E. Genghis Khan dies and divides empire among his four sons C.E. Mongols attack and destroy city of Kiev in modern day Ukraine 1279 C.E. Kublai Khan defeat Song Dynasty and unites China under the Yuan Dynasty C.E. Second attempt by the Mongols to invade Japan is unsuccessful C.E. Ming Dynasty defeats the Yuan Dynasty. Mongols driven out of power.

6. Where?

7. Why? Scholars argue over three reasons: Ecology – climate was changing
Goods in China – China was a valuable place and the Mongols wanted it 
Genghis Khan – wanted to be respected and feared by all

8. How?
“The Mongol way of fighting was a refinement of the traditional steppe system that had been developed in Mongolia over many thousands of years. Superior weapons, in the end, did not account for the Mongol success….The Mongol’s success arose from their cohesion and discipline bred over millennia as nomads working in small groups and from their steadfast loyalty to their leader.”
Jack Weatherford – Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World, pg 90

9. Turn and Talk
What kind of tactics or strategies do you think the Mongols used to help them be successful? I think the Mongols used tactics like…..

10. How? Tactics: Warriors were cavalry soldiers
carried a saber, a lance, bow and arrows.
had up to 4 additional horses ready
leaders wanted to preserve Mongol life.
willing to run away in order to avoid defeat

11. How? How did they conquer and control so much land?
Tactics: (strategies)
Homework: You will read and learn about:
Military Tactics
Other Tactics used to control the empire