2. Chapter 4 Population Ecology
Section 1: Population Dynamics

3. The number of organisms per unit area
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Population – a group of organisms of the same species that live in a particular area.
Population Density
The number of organisms per unit area
Spatial Distribution
Dispersion is the pattern of spacing of a population.

4. Ways to estimate size of population
Quadrant: Section off a known area of the population, count the individuals in the section. Then multiply by the number of areas (plants)
Capture/recapture: sampling a population to determine the size based on migration, birth rate, and death rate (animals)

5. Chapter 4
Population Ecology

6. Population-Limiting Factors
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Population-Limiting Factors
There are two categories of limiting factors—density-independent factors and density-dependent factors.

7. Density-Independent Factors
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Density-Independent Factors
Any factor in the environment that does not depend on the number of members in a population per unit area
Weather events
Fire
Human alterations of the landscape
Air, land, and water pollution

8. Density-Dependent Factors
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Density-Dependent Factors
Any factor in the environment that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area
Biotic factors (food available)
Disease
Population Biology
Competition

9. 4 factors that affect the size and composition of a population :
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
4 factors that affect the size and composition of a population :
Natality: birthrate
Mortality: death rate
Immigration: Individuals moving into a population
Emigration: individuals leaving the population

10. Exponential Growth Model
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Exponential Growth Model
All populations grow exponentially until
some limiting factor slows the population’s
growth.

11. Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Logistic Growth Model
population’s growth slows or stops following exponential growth, at the population’s carrying capacity.

12. Zero population growth: when birth rate equals death rate
Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
A population stops increasing when the number of births is less than the number of deaths or when emigration exceeds immigration.
Zero population growth: when birth rate equals death rate

13. Chapter 4
Population Ecology
4.1 Population Dynamics
Carrying Capacity
The maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support for the long term is the carrying capacity.
Carrying capacity is limited by the energy, water, oxygen, and nutrients available.

14. Chapter Resource Menu Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Population Ecology
Chapter Resource Menu
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Formative Test Questions
Chapter Assessment Questions
Standardized Test Practice
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