1. Over Here
HW:
GR Ch 19 [Wed 3/29]
Imperialism and WW I Test [Wed 3/29]

2. I. Pres. Wilson’s Power War Industries Board
coordinated production of munitions and supplies
- allocate raw materials
- products to produce
- set prices
estab’d Railroad Admin and Fuel Admin.
- “lightless nights” and daylight savings time

3. B. Food Administration
address food shortages in Allied countries
American voluntary means
- "Meatless Monday" and "Wheatless Wednesday“
- planting "victory gardens" at home

4. II. Attack on Civil Liberties
A. Anti-Immigrants
German and Austria-Hungarian immigrants forced to support initiatives that could destroy homelands
- lynchings, beatings, vandalism
American Socialist Party condemned war effort
Irish-Americans contempt for British ally

5. Colleges and high schools stopped teaching German
Cincinnati banned pretzels
orchestras refused to play Mozart
Hamburgers  “liberty sandwiches”
sauerkraut  “liberty cabbage”
frankfurters “hot dogs”
temperance movement boost by linking beer drinking to support for Germany

6. B. Espionage and Sedition Acts
to deal w/ dissenters (express opposing opinions)
anyone found guilty of criticizing gov’t war policy or hindering wartime directives jailed
- violation of free speech?

7. This is an expansion of the earlier Espionage Act of 1917, which criminalized passing information to enemy governments. It makes it a crime to:
"...willfully utter, print, write, or publish any disloyal, profane [disrespectful], scurrilous [insulting], or abusive language about the form of government of the United States, or the Constitution of the United States, or the military or naval forces of the United States, or the flag of the United States... or any language intended to bring the form of government of the United States, or the Constitution of the United States, ...into contempt [disrespect], scorn, contumely [rudely], or disrepute [hold in low esteem]..."

8. C. Schenk v. United States (SC Case)
majority opinion  free speech illegal if presents "clear and present danger"
Schenck arrested for sabotaging draft
- endangered thousands of American lives

9. III. Social Change Women at home:
- job shift: domestic to heavy industry
in war: nurses

10. B. African Americans
Great Migration: moved north in great numbers
- industry jobs
- escape racial discrimination
4.5 million served in armed forces
- 40,000 active duty