1. Lesson 1 From Early Civilizations to Empires…
The transition from Era 2 to Era 3

2. Connecting Back Forager Agricultural (Hunter-Gatherer) Villages
Communities
Agricultural
Villages

3. What did it take to form an agricultural village?
Things people needed to have or do to change from foraging to agriculture
Unit 2
Plants and animals that could be domesticated
Temperate climate
Enough people to populate a village
The ability to communicate and learn from each other ?

4. What did it take to form an agricultural village?
Things people needed to have or do to change from foraging to agriculture
Examples/ Evidence
Unit 2
Plants and animals that could be domesticated
Temperate climate
Enough people to populate a village
The ability to communicate and learn from each other
Catal Hoyuk
Access to several types of grain
Mild climate
People living in the area as foragers ?

5. Connecting Back
Agricultural
Villages
Civilizations

6. ? Unit 3 cities social classes
What did it take to form a civilization?
Things people needed to have or do to form a civilization
Unit 3
cities
social classes
job specialization
a centralized government
complex technologies
a writing system
highly organized religion ?

7. ? Unit 3 What did it take to form a civilization?
Things people needed to have or do to form a civilization
Examples/ Evidence
Unit 3
cities
social classes
job specialization
a centralized government
complex technologies
a writing system
highly organized religion
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Indus River Valley
Yellow river Valley ?

8. Unit 4
Civilizations
Empires

9. The Industrial Era 250 years Agricultural Revolution
Our Place in Time
The Era of Foragers
200,000 years
The Agrarian Era
10,000 years
The Industrial Era 250 years
About 8000 BCE
The
Agricultural Revolution
Era 1
Era 2
Era 3

10. This year
500 BP
1500 CE
200,000 BP
This unit
1000 BCE
500 CE

11. BC AD BCE CE Birth of Jesus 200 BCE 100 BCE 100 CE 200 CE
before Christ AD
anno domini
BCE
Before the Common Era CE
Common Era
Birth of
Jesus
200
BCE
100
BCE
100 CE
200 CE

12. What do you know about “empires”?

13. ERA 2
Turn and Talk:
What do you notice?
What is different?
What was the big change between Era 2 and Era 3?
ERA 3

14. The Industrial Era 250 years
The Era of Foragers
200,000 years
The Agrarian Era
10,000 years
The Industrial Era 250 years
Era 1
Era 2
Era 3

15. Important agricultural civilizations changed and became EMPIRES.
Questions to think about:
What do you think it means that civilizations became empires?
What is an empire anyways?
How did this change happened?
What would a civilization have to have to become an empire?

17. Why do you think empires began as city-states?
Early empires emerged from city-states, such as Ur, a large city in the region of Mesopotamia (Sumer).
Why do you think empires began as city-states?

18. Need to have arrows in the middle timeline showing

19. Need to have arrows in the middle timeline showing

20. Need to have arrows in the middle timeline showing

21. Need to have arrows in the middle timeline showing

22. Unit 4 What does it take to become an empire?
What did it take to form an empire?
Things a society needed to have or do to become an empire
Examples/ Evidence
Unit 4

25. What happens to the area under Assyrian control between 911 and 680 BCE?

26. What happens to the Persian Empire between 550 and 490 BCE?
Who controlled much of this area before the Persian Empire?

27. 35 million people
2,000 miles wide
Largest empire the world had ever seen
What do you think trade routes and royal roads had to do with the growth of the Persian Empire?

28. Ruins of Persepolis… one time capital of the Persian Empire
Persepolis was a core city in the Persian Empire. What is a core (think about apples)?
Why would core cities have been important to the formation of empires?
Ruins of Persepolis… one time capital of the Persian Empire

29. Key Empires and Trade Routes of the Era
What do you notice about this map?
What were some of the key empires at this time (around 200 to 330 BCE)?
How and why do you think Alexander the Great used trade routes?
Key Empires and Trade Routes of the Era

30. The empire of Alexander the Great joined together areas previously controlled by Greece and Persia. How do you think having such a large area under the control of one empire changed both areas?
Why do you think Alexander is called “the Great”? Would the people he conquered have called him that? How do you think these types of titles become part of history?

31. Rome over time… 390 BCE 100 BCE 50 BCE
What do you notice about the changing size and shape of the Roman Empire?
What do you think made this possible?
100 BCE
50 BCE

32. How were the empires of Afroeurasia connected in 100 CE (AD)?
Why do you think these connections may have been important?
What were the benefits and drawbacks of these connections?

33. Turn and Talk: What seems to be the pattern of change during this time period?

35. So… what makes an empire?
A core city center
Trade networks
Transportation networks
A strong government

36. Militarism… Turn and Talk: What do you think militarism is?
What does militarism have to do with empire?
Could you have an empire without militarism?

37. Militarism…
Militarism is the belief or desire of a government or people that a strong military is important and necessary, and that it should be used aggressively in the perceived interests of the nation. Empires had militarism then, a strong belief in their army and the use of force, and that helped them prepare to conquer other peoples. Without a strong army and a belief that it should be used, empires probably would not have developed.

38. So… what makes an empire?
A core city center
Trade networks
Transportation networks
A strong government

39. So… what makes an empire?
A core city center
Trade networks
Transportation networks
A strong government
Militarism

40. Empires rose and fell during Era 3.
The Big Story
Empires rose and fell during Era 3.
The centers of power shifted, but the same areas were fought over and ruled by different groups.

41. The Big Story
New empires often conquered and/or absorbed existing ones… they didn’t start from scratch
EXAMPLE:
Persia conquered Assyrian territory
Alexander conquered Persia
Rome briefly controlled parts of the old Persian Empire

42. The Big Story
Over time, the center of power in Afroeurasia shifted westward with the Roman Empire.

43. The Big Story
Other parts of this story included the development of more trade and exchange, the mixing of societies, and cultural diffusion of beliefs, values, and religions.

44. Feedback Loop of Empire…
More people and more resources
Need for central control and government
Development of armies, government systems, taxes, etc.
Need for more people and resources to maintain army and power
Conquest and trade
At what point might this cycle break down?
Why would an empire fall?

47. More slides of Persepolis

49. Gate of Xerxes Throne Hall Reception Hall Treasury Council Hall
Dark green = Harem
Council Hall
Palace of Xerxes

53. http://www. mirutadelaseda