1. Pink floyd
By: Sierra Marler

2. Biography of Pink Floyd
Friends Roger Waters and Nick Mason started a band under Sigma 6 in Classmate, Richard Wright joined soon after.
Went through a variety of name changes such as The Meggadeaths, Screaming Abdabs, Leonard’s Lodgers, and the Spectrum Five before setting with The Tea Set.
Preformed covers of R&B songs.
In 1965, Roger Waters childhood friend, Syd Barrett joined the band.
With his creative ways, Syd became the main guitarist and front man of the band.
Played shows under The Tea Set until they found out another band had that name at one of the same gigs.
On the spot, Syd came up with the name the Pink Floyd Sound but years later dropped sound from the name and became known as Pink Floyd.
Syd took the name from his favorite blues musicians, Pink Anderson and Floyd Council.
Pink Floyd started in London with friends Nick Mason and Roger Waters. They met while in studying architecture at Regent Street Polytechnic School. The two formed a band with some friends under the name Sigma 6. Not to long after, a fellow architecture classmate, Richard Wright, joined the band. The group performed covers of R&B songs at private events they could get a gig for. By this time the band went through multiple name changes such as The Meggadeaths, Screaming Abdabs, Leonard’s Lodgers, The Abdabs, and The Spectrum Five all before settling on the band name of Tea Set. In 1965, an old childhood friend of Roger Waters ended up joining the band that eventually became the creative, driving force of the group. Syd Barrett moved to London to study painting at the Camberwell College of Arts. During one gig in late 1965, the group found out that another band playing had the exact same name as them. That night, the group starting going by the Pink Floyd Sound (eventually dropping sound from the name) which Barrett came up with in homage of his favorite blues musicians, Pink Anderson and Floyd Council.

3. Biography Cont. By 1966, Pink Floyd became a full time band
Starting experimenting with psychedelic sounds
Became one of the first bands to play 90 minutes sets and add extravagant lights to the show
Pink Floyd signed to EMI records in and released their first singles “Arnold Layne” and “See Emily Play”
“Arnold Layne” was banned from many radio stations due to what the song was about.
Now under the influence of Barrett, Pink Floyd became a full time band in 1966 and focused on playing shows and experimenting with a jazz based psychedelic sound to create music. Barrett was able to find low tech techniques of creating a distinctive sound from other bands like sliding his lighter up and down his guitar’s fret board. Their sound wasn’t the only thing that stood out. Pink Floyd became one of the first bands ever to play 90 minute sets and include flashing colored lights in their show. By the end of 1966, the band’s set less of the R&B covers and more the original works of Syd Barrett. By 1967, the band was able to attract the attention of EMI, a mainstream music recording industry. After signing with EMI, Pink Floyd was able to release their first single “Arnold Layne”. The song referencing a cross dressed man that steals women’s underwear became banned on several radio stations in the UK but the band still managed to peak their way up to number 20 on the UK music charts. Shortly after Pink Floyd’s first release, EMI released their second single “See Emily Play” which rose to number 6 on the UK music charts

4. Biography Cont.
In 1967, Pink Floyd released their first album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn
Reached #6 on the British Album Charts
Made the band popular and Syd Barrett the star
By the end of 1967, Syd Barrett became mentally unstable and had a psychotic break
The band added David Gilmour to the band to play the guitar in place of Syd but to keep Syd as a writer
Beginning of 1968, Syd Barrett and the band decided to part ways.
Syd released 2 solo albums in1970 but eventually moved back home and stayed their till his death
Syd Barrett being the creative genius that he was made this album a great success peaking at number 6 on the British album charts. This put Pink Floyd at a high demand and Barrett at an even higher one. All during this time, Barrett’s LSD usage was daily which aided in the declined of his mental stability and a psychotic break. By the end of 1967, while touring with Jimi Hendrix, Pink Floyd reached a crisis point with Barrett’s erratic behavior and depression. The solution to their problems with Barrett was to add a new guitarist to the band to play Syd’s parts and keep Syd as nonperforming songwriter. An old friend of Barrett’s, David Gilmour, joined the Pink Floyd as Barrett’s replacement. Continuing with Barrett eventually became too difficult for the band and in early 1968, Syd Barrett agreed with the rest of Pink Floyd to leave the band. Barrett finally released his solo album The Madcap Laughs in early 1970 and was able to release a second solo album Barrett in late Not long after Barrett ended up withdrawing from the music industry altogether and eventually moving back in with his mom in Cambridge in 1978.
Only known picture of all 5 band members and Syd being distance before his departure from the band.

5. Biography Cont.
With Syd gone, the music and lyrics fell responsibility of Roger Waters
Released 2nd studio album in 1968, A Saucerful of Secrets, which contained only one song written and sung by Syd Barrett before his departure from the band
Produced a soundtrack for the movie More in summer of 1969
Only four months later, released their 4th studio album, Ummagumma, reaching #5 on the UK music charts
First album which contained a different sound from the previous influences of Syd
5th studio album, Atom Heart Mother, was released in First album to reach #1 on the UK music charts
Was the album that the band started making money on
Released their 6th studio album, Meddle, in 1971 which reached #3 on the UK music charts
Produced another soundtrack for a French film in 1972
Success in America still eluded them
With all aside, Pink Floyd continued on and returned to the studio to record their second album. With Syd Barrett gone, the music and lyrics fell on Roger Waters. In the summer of 1968, Pink Floyd released their second studio album A Saucerful of Secrets which included only one song written and performed by Syd Barrett. Pink Floyd didn’t waste any time after their release of A Saucerful of Secrets and started work on their third album More, a soundtrack for the new movie More which was released in the summer Only four months later, Pink Floyd released their fourth studio album, Ummagumma which was their first album that was a different sound from their previous work that had the influences of Barrett. The album was highly praised peaking at number 5 and spending 21 weeks on the UK music charts. Pink Floyd released their fifth studio album, Atom Heart Mother which was their first album to reach number 1 and lasting 18 weeks on the UK charts. With the release and touring for Atom Heart Mother, Pink Floyd was finally making a profit and creating a band that would become timeless in the world of music.
Upon their extensive tour of America and Europe, Pink Floyd went right back into the studio to start recording their sixth studio album. Their sixth album, Meddle, was released in late Meddle peaked on the UK charts at number 3, staying there for 82 weeks. Not long after, Pink Floyd starting working on another soundtrack album that was released in 1972 for the French film La Vallee

6. Biography Cont.
Dark Side of the Moon was released in March of 1973 as Pink Floyd’s 8th studio album
With the release of the single “Money”, Pink Floyd became an American sensation going straight to #1 on the Billboard charts and #2 in UK’s music charts
Dark Side broke all records, staying on the Billboard charts for 741 weeks and became the most commercially successful rock album of all time
This brought tremendous wealth and fame to the band
Pink Floyd went to the studio to record their eighth studio album, The Dark Side of the Moon. Released in March of 1973, Pink Floyd finally made a break through with their music. From the album, “Money” became and American hit which excelled Dark Side to be the first album to make the charts in the United States going straight to number 1 on the Billboard charts breaking all records by remaining on the album charts for 741 weeks, not dropping off till The album only reached number 2 in Britain but stayed on the UK charts for 364 weeks. Dark Side went on to sell over 40 million copies worldwide and became the most commercially successful rock album of all time, along with being the second selling best album in the world and the 21st best-selling album in the United States. This brought in great wealth and fame for Pink Floyd and became a well-known name in every household.

7. Biography Cont.
Pink Floyd returned to the studios to record their 9th studio album, Wish You Were Here
Contains most popular singles of “Wish You Were Here” and “Shine On You Crazy Diamond”
Band was mentally and physically drained from the success of their last album
Released in September of 1975 and when straight to #1 on the music charts in the U.S and the UK
Now being established rock stars, Pink Floyd went on to continue recording music immediately after touring for The Dark Side of the Moon. The members of Pink Floyd returned to the studios in January of 1975 to record their ninth studio album, Wish You Were Here which includes top singles such as “Wish You Were Here” and “Shine on You Crazy Diamond”. This album became difficult to begin recording with their last successful album leaving them physically and emotionally drained. Roger Waters finally took control and pathed a way for a creative direction for the album about the rise and fall of former bandmate Syd Barrett. It was during the recording of the song that was a tribute for Syd, that Syd made an unannounced and random visit to the studio which mixed up a lot of emotion for some band members and was the last time the members would ever see him again. Releasing in September of 1975, the album reached number 1 in both the US and UK.

8. Biography Cont.
Personal, financial, and creative differences continued to get in between band members
Pink Floyd continued to release their 10th studio album, Animals, in 1977 despite their disagreements
In 1979, Pink Floyd released another best selling album, The Wall which they produced a live action/animated musical film with in 1982 as Pink Floyd – The Wall
Conflicts continue to grow in the band.
Pink Floyd was able to release The Final Cut in March of 1983 before Roger Waters announced his departure from the band and the possibility of the end of Pink Floyd
Continuing on from the struggles and the growing conflicts between band mates, Pink Floyd went on to release their 10th studio album, Animals in January of 1977 and another best-selling album in November of 1979, The Wall which also led to the British live-action/animated musical film Pink Floyd – The Wall released in As conflicts and royalty battles continue to grow, Pink Floyd was able to release The Final Cut in March of 1983 before Roger Waters announced his departure from the band and the end of Pink Floyd.

9. Biography Cont.
After brutal court battles, David Gilmour, Nick Mason, and Richard Wright won the right to continue on with the music and name of Pink Floyd
Without Roger Waters, Pink Floyd released A Momentary Lapse of Release in and The Division Bell in 1994
Though all music of Pink Floyd stopped in 1994, Pink Floyd was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1996
In 2005, all band members, including Roger Waters, joined the stage at LIVE 8 performing as Pink Floyd in over 24 years
After court battles for the name and music Pink Floyd, Gilmour, Wright, and Mason continued on without Waters releasing A Momentary Lapse of Release in 1987 and The Division Bell in 1994 and marking what seemed to be the end of Pink Floyd. However in 2005, out of some great force of the universe, Waters, Gilmour, Mason, and Wright reunited one last time performing together as Pink Floyd in over 24 years at Live 8.

10. Biography Cont.
On July of 2006, original founding member of Pink Floyd, Syd Barrett, died of diabetes at his home in Cambridge at the age of 60
The members of Pink Floyd did not attend his ceremony but credited Barrett as the guiding light of the early years of Pink Floyd
Not long after, in September of 2008, the keyboardist of Pink Floyd, Richard Wright dies of cancer at the age of 65.
In 2012, David Gilmour and Nick Mason returned to the studio one last time as Pink Floyd to record
November of 2014, Pink Floyd released their 15th and final studio album, The Endless River, which is recognized as a tribute to former bandmate Richard Wright
Barrett’s physical came to a rapid decline and after suffering several years of diabetes, Syd Barrett died in his Cambridge home on July 7, 2006 at age 60. Though the members of Pink Floyd did not attend his crematorium, they credit Barrett as being the guiding light in the early years of the band and leaves a legacy which continues to inspire. Not too long after, on September 15, 2008 Richard Wright, the keyboardist of Pink Floyd, died of cancer at the age of 65.
In 2012, David Gilmour and Nick Mason decided to return to the studio one last time as Pink Floyd. November of 2014, Pink Floyd released their fifteenth and final studio album, The Endless River and recognizes their work as a tribute to bandmate and friend Richard Wright. The album consists entirely of instrumental and ambient music which is based on unreleased material that was recorded before Wright died.

11. Wish You Were Here Album cover
Composition History Shine on You Crazy Diamond: Parts I-V By : Pink Floyd
Pink Floyd released their 9th studio album Wish You Were Here in September of 1975
Album contained a nine part composition called “Shine on You Crazy Diamond”
Song was written as a remembrance and testimony of friend & former bandmate Syd Barrett
Most celebrated piece in Pink Floyd music collection
In September of 1975, Pink Floyd released their ninth studio album Wish You Were Here, which contained a nine part composition called “Shine on You Crazy Diamond”. The composition was written by Roger Waters, David Gilmour, and Richard Wright of Pink Floyd under Harvest Records and later on by Columbia Records. This became the most celebrated piece in the Pink Floyd music collections.
This song was written and conceived as a testimony and remembrance of their friend and former bandmate, Syd Barret. Pink Floyd ended up kicking Syd out of the band in early 1968 due to his unpredictable and radical behavior. This was primarily due to his use of LSD which aided in a rapid decline of Syd’s mental health. The members of Pink Floyd continued on without Syd Barrett and gain great success. Through that success, the members fell into a sense of darkness, loneliness, and emptiness which contributed to the melancholy feeling of the album Wish You Were Here. “Shine on You Crazy Diamond” was not only written as a tribute but also to show that there was nothing positive of the situation with Syd. With the great success of the song, it only helped romanticize the story of Syd Barrett.
Wish You Were Here Album cover

12. Composition History Cont.
Originally called “Shine On” but renamed to “Shine On You Crazy Diamond”
Nine part composition was separated in to 2 sections, Parts 1-5 and Parts 6-9
Song was played and recorded during tour in 1974 but had to be re- recorded for the album in 1975 due to instruments bleeding on other parts of the track.
Parts 1-5 consist primarily of instrumentals
Parts 1-5 became main tracks played during live performances
The work was first played on Pink Floyd’s French tour in 1974 and was already recorded to be a side-long composition on their album. Back in the recording studio at Abbey Road, the band ended up having to re-record the whole song due to bleeding of the other instruments on the drum track. Originally called Shine On but changed to Shine On You Crazy Diamond was eventually separated into two sections on the album, parts 1-5 (13:31) and parts 6-9 (12:28).
The album opened with Parts 1-5 which consisted primarily of an instrumental in a minor mode and contains guitar, bass, organ, grand piano, synthesizer, drums, saxophone, and even the sounds of a wine glass harp. Vocals don’t come into play till almost 9 minutes into the song. The lyrics echoed the bandmates feelings and thoughts of their friend Syd Barret. It is parts 1-5 that became the main tracks during live performances of Pink Floyd.

13. Composition History Cont.
During final mixing of Shine On, a random visitor appeared in the studio.
Took about 45 minutes for someone to realize that visitor was Syd Barrett.
Once lively and slim but was now quiet and overweight.
Of all the days to show up, he appeared on the day they were making the final mix on the song that was for him.
Disappeared after awhile, and became the last time the band ever saw Syd Barrett.
In June of 1975, during the final mixing of “Shine On”, a random visitor arrived at the studio. A large, heavyset bald man wondered around Pink Floyd’s gear and would sit in the corner of the studio. It wasn’t till almost 45 minutes later that someone realized who that strange man was and saying to the band that it is Syd Barrett. This came as a shock and dismay to some members of the band. Syd was once a lively and very slim man but had now gained an extreme amount of weight, shaved his hair and eyebrows off, and was mentally turned off. Just as Syd randomly appeared, he randomly disappeared and would be the last time the band and Syd would ever see each other. It was this that added to the mystery, deepness, and melancholy of the song “Shine on You Crazy Diamond”.
Syd Barrett at the recording studio during the mixing of “Shine On”

14. Listening Guide Shine on you crazy diamond: Parts I-V
Part I
0:00 Wine glass harps fade in
0:05 Synthesizer sounds fades in on top of wine glasses
0:12 Wine glass harps build in volume with occasional sounds of the synthesizer
0:18 Wine glass harp increases in volume more
0:23 Organ begins playing on top of the wine glass harp
0:32 Wine glass harps continue to increase in volume with organ playing over it
0:34 Synthesizer creates background sounds
0:44 Organ builds in volume on tops of wine glass harp
0:56 Synthesizer repeats background sounds
1:00 Synthesizer creates a background sound again but this time sounding like a xylophone
1:11 Organ continues over wine glass harps creating a haunting feeling
1:23 Synthesizer create more background noise. Sounding like wind chimes in a slight breeze
1:30 Organ fades out leaving wine glass harps and synthesizer
1: Organ comes back in playing over the wine glass harp and synthesizer
2:01 Synthesizer plays what creates a sound of a futuristic computer
2:09 Guitar solo begins in G minor
2:11 Wine harps remain in background as the pulse of the piece

15. Listening Guide (Cont.) Shine on you crazy diamond: Parts I-V
2:13 Guitar plays a bluesy sound setting the tone of melancholy
2:23 The organ pipes in changing keys and reminding you it is still there
2:33 Organ’s changes keys again
2:39 Guitar solo continues with a weeping/crying sound
3:04 Organ’s key changes again
3:14 Organ continues to go back and forth on different keys in minor mode
3:30 Guitar solo fades out on ending note
3:40 Wine glass harps and organ decrease in volume
Part II
3:54 This 4 note chord in minor mode introduces part II of the composition. This theme becomes known as “Syd’s theme”
3:59 Wine glass harps and organ volume stay low in the background
4:05 Syd’s theme is repeated for the second time
4:08 Synthesizer in the background sounding like the slight movement of wind chimes
4:17 Syd’s theme repeats a third time
4:22 Syd’s theme repeats a fourth time leading it into the harmony
4:24 The drums and bass come in building up to a major mode.
4:28 You hear Syd’s theme repeat in the background

16. Listening Guide (Cont.) Shine on you crazy diamond: Parts I-V
4:29 Drums, guitar and bass come in with strength
4:34 Syd’s theme repeats now in a fixed tempo
4:44 Syd’s theme is repeated over rest of the instruments
4:50 The guitar changes keys
5:05 Syd’s theme repeats
5:11 Beginning of the guitar solo for part II of the composition
5:16 Syd’s theme repeats
5:22 Guitar solo continues in major mode
5:42 The bass becomes more prominent and echoes the guitar
5:44 The organ comes from the background increasing in volume and then falls back into the background
5:59 Syd’s theme repeats one last time blending into the guitar solo
6:04 Guitar increase in volume
6:24 Guitar begins to fade out
Part III
6:27 As the guitar fades out, the synthesizer horn comes in for a solo
6:47 The drums and guitar add an extra step to the melody as the synthesizer solo continues

17. Listening Guide (Cont.) Shine on you crazy diamond: Parts I-V
6:58 The synthesizer solo continues creating a sway, while the bass and drums keep the rhythm in the background
7:11 The rhythm guitar changes chords creating a brighter feeling like the sunshine peaking with the clouds on a rainy day
7:30 They synthesizer solo ends, the background music quiets except the drums who plays two beats with the cymbals
7:32 The last cymbal beat introduces the third guitar solo of the composition in a G minor
7:49 The drums keep the beat and tempo going
8:36 The guitar fades out, ending the guitar solo
8:37 The drums keep the rhythm going with the clap of the cymbals
Part IV
8:42 The vocals begin introducing part IV of the composition and the guitar plays in G minor
8:47 Back vocals come in and harmonize
8:51 Chord changes with chorus to E flat, D minor, C minor, B flat, F
9:02 Female vocals keep the harmony singing “oooh’s” and guitar goes back to G minor from chorus
9:12 Chorus repeats in same chords
9:44 Small guitar solo
10:05 Vocals come back
10:15 Chorus repeats in same chords

18. Listening Guide (Cont.) Shine on you crazy diamond: Parts I-V
10:25 Vocals continue and female vocals come back harmonizing with “oooh’s”
10:36 Chorus repeats, same chords
10:45 Female harmonizing vocals change to “aaah’s”
11:07 As the last words in the vocals are being sung, the baritone saxophone enter
Part V
11:10 The entering of the saxophone introduces part V of the composition and the saxophone solo. The synthesizer keyboard comes in and supports the saxophone in the background
11:11 Syd’s four chord theme re-enters
11:21 Syd’s theme repeats and goes straight into 2 guitars repeating on arpeggio variation
11:59 The solo continues but changes from baritone to tenor saxophone. The drums and bas change its beat to more of a blues/swing vibe
12:41 All music stops except the saxophone and background synthesizer, and repeating guitars
12:55 The saxophone, synthesizer, and repeating guitars decrease in volume
13:01 Repeating guitars fade out and a humming machine noise fades in
13:08 Synthesizer and saxophone begin to fade out
13:13 Machine like humming gets louder
13:28 Saxophone is in the far distance and machine like humming has become the main sound
13: Fin

19. Bibliography
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