1. Energy Vocabulary
Week 3 – On level

2. CCGPS
S8P2. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the law of conservation of energy to develop arguments that energy can transform from one form to another within a system.

3. Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy can not be created or destroyed, only transformed.

4. Heat
A form of energy associated with the movement of atoms and molecules in any material.
The higher the temperature of a material, the faster the atoms are moving, and hence the greater the amount of energy present as heat.

5. Temperature
The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment.
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter, expressed in terms of units or degrees designated on a standard scale.
The degree of heat in the body of a living organism, usually about 37.0°C (98.6°F) in humans.

6. Conduction
The movement of something such as heat or electricity through a medium or passage.
Example - is using a metal rod to roast marshmallows on an open fire and feeling the heat rise through the rod from the fire to your hand.

7. Convection
Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another.
Fluid motion caused by an external force such as gravity.
The transfer of heat or other atmospheric properties by massive motion within the atmosphere, especially by such motion directed upward.
Example - Boiling water - The heat passes from the burner into the pot, heating the water at the bottom. Then, this hot water rises and cooler water moves down to replace it, causing a circular motion.

8. Radiation
Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through some material or through space.
Light, heat and sound are types of radiation.

9. Conduction, Convection, Radiation

10. Conductors
A material or an object that conducts heat, electricity, light, or sound.
Electrical conductors contain electric charges (usually electrons) that are relatively free to move through the material; a voltage applied across the conductor therefore creates an electric current.
Examples - Copper, Aluminum, Platinum, Gold, Silver, Water, People and Animals, Trees

11. Insulators
A material or an object that does not easily allow heat, electricity, light, or sound to pass through it.
Air, cloth and rubber are good electrical insulators; feathers and wool make good thermal insulators.
Insulators are materials opposite of conductors. The atoms are not easily freed and are stable, preventing or blocking the flow of electricity.
Examples – Glass, Porcelain, Plastic, Rubber

12. Conductors and Insulators Continued…
Electricity will always take the shortest path to the ground. Your body is 60% water and that makes you a good conductor of electricity. If a power line has fallen on a tree and you touch the tree you become the path or conductor to the ground and could get electrocuted.
The rubber or plastic on an electrical cord provides an insulator for the wires. By covering the wires, the electricity cannot go through the rubber and is forced to follow the path on the aluminum or copper wires.