1. The History of American Education… The Basics
Competency 4.1

2. Pilgrim children used a special kind of schoolbook called a hornbook.
It was a piece of wood with a printed page on each side.
The name hornbook came from the thin sheet of horn that covered the page.
School children wore their hornbooks around their necks for safekeeping.
Hornbooks for notes 

3. 1600s - Colonial Days: School at home or church
Mainly religious education
Apprentice programs – to learn job skills
Challenges – unequal opportunities for women, minorities, and poor

4. 1647 – Massachusetts, the “Old Deluder Satan Law”
Passed, requiring every town of 50 households to hire a teacher. This law was the model that made the establishment of schools a reality

5. Colonial Latin Grammar Schools – boys only
In the 1700s states were given the responsibility to open schools for girls and boys

6. Horace Mann: Father of Public Education for all Americans
Elementary public schools for poor and wealthy; education improves the quality of life – Early 1800s

7. Public High Schools catch on slowly – Late 1800s
Eventually, high schools represented equal opportunity
Later attempted to solve social problems

8. Efforts to Reform Education & Debates on Change
1892 “The Committee of Ten”
1983 “A Nation at Risk”

9. Early Instructional Materials
Colonial hornbook
First real textbook: The New England Primer
Noah Webster’s American Spelling Book
McGuffey’s Readers emphasizing hard work, patriotism, and morality (100 million copies from )

10. 1900s – Federal Funding $$$ for specific programs
Outlaws racial segregation – 1954
After Sputnik – Science, Math & World Languages – 1957
Head Start for pre-schoolers – 1964
Title IX prohibits sex discrimination – 1972
P.L Education for All Special Needs Students – 1975 (Now IDEA)

11. History Cont..
The effort to educate America’s children is as old as our country.
Inequities in educating the poor, females, minorities, and special needs students have been with us from the beginning.
As the next generation of teachers, the future is in your hands.

12. Class Assignment Reflect on appropriate behavior for teachers.
Should teachers be expected to live up to a higher standard?
Should teachers be role models for students?
Support your opinions.
Create a Flyer or a T-chart to compare and contrast the code of conduct – then and now.