1. BRAIN FINGERPRINTING BY
YASHASREE.T
08891A0515

2. Introduction
* Brain Fingerprinting was invented by Dr. Lawrence A Farwell.
* “Brain Fingerprinting “ is a computer-based test that is designed to discover, document, and provide evidence of guilty knowledge regarding crimes, and identify members of dormant terrorist cells.
* Brain fingerprinting is a technique that measures recognition of familiar stimuli by measuring electrical brain wave responses to words, phrases, or pictures that are presented on a computer screen.

3. Working Principle
* The entire Brain Fingerprinting system is under computer control, including presentation of the stimuli, recording of electrical brain activity, a mathematical data analysis algorithm that compares the responses to the three types of stimuli and produces a determination of “information present” or “information absent”, and a statistical confidence level for this determination

4. Working principle(Cont.)
* How the technology works?
* When someone commits a crime, his brain records it has a memory.
* Brain fingerprinting seeks to reveal that memory, by showing the suspect evidence taken from the crime scene.
* A head band with sensors is placed on the subject.
* A series of pictures or words is flashed on the screen

5. Working principle(Cont.)
* The computer records the brain waves produced in response to what the subject sees.
* The brain responses called a P300 MERMER are recorded as a wave form.
* By analyzing MERMER (Memory and Encoding Related Multifaceted Electroencephalographic Response) the pattern of waves, Farwell can determine if the subject is recognizing what he is seeing.

6. Equipment

7. Equipment

8. Statistical View y

9. Scientific Procedure
* Brain fingerprinting incorporate the following procedure.
* A sequence of words or pictures is presented on a video monitor under computer control. Each stimulus appears for a fraction of second.
* Three types of stimuli are presented:
1) Targets,
2) Irrelevant and
3) Probes.

10. Scientific Procedure(Cont.)
* The TARGETS stimuli consist of information known to suspect about the crime which will establish a baseline response and elicit a MERMER.
* The IRRELEVANTS stimuli consist of information that has nothing to do with the crime, which will establish a baseline brain response for information that is not significant to the suspect in context of the crime. These IRRELEVANTS do not elicit a MER-MER.
* Some of the non-target stimuli are relevant to the situation being tested. These relevant stimuli are referred to as PROBES.

11. Equipment and Technology
* The brain fingerprinting system comprises
* A personal computer (Pentium iv, 1 GHz IBM PC)
* A data acquisition board.
* Two monitors
* A EEG(Electroencephalogram) amplifier
* Software for data acquisition
* Some electrodes .

12. Equipment and Technology(Cont.)
Computer controlled(Contd.)
* During the data collection, the stimuli are displayed to the subject on one monitor and the investigator views another monitor.
* Investigator gets the summary of the textual information and the wave form.

13. Benifits * Identify criminal quickly and scientifically.
* Record of 100% accuracy.
* Confirm innocence, clear the falsely accused, and the falsely convicted.
* Provide immediate scientific result : Information present or Information absent i.e., the crime relevant information is not stored in the brain of the suspect within a few hours(same day).

14. Benefits(Cont.)
* Reduce costs and complexities. Provide a straight forward, scientific method of distinguishing between perpetrators and innocent suspects.
* Access criminal evidence in the brain. Evidence of a crime is virtually always stored in the brain of the perpetrators; fingerprints and DNA though accurate and highly useful, can only be collected in approximately 1% of all criminal cases.

15. Conclusion
* Brain fingerprinting is a revolutionary new technology for solving crimes, with a record of 100% accuracy.
* The technology fulfills an urgent need for Governments , law enforcement agencies, corporations, and individuals in a trillion dollar world-wide market. The technology is fully developed and available for application in the field.

16. THANQ.. .