1. The Rise of Hitler

2. What I want you to know…

3. Vocabulary Nazism: German brand of fascism
Der Führer: leader of the Nazi party
Swastika: symbol of the Nazi party
“Mein Kampf” : book written by Hitler
Lebensraum: living space that would be conquered from Eastern Europe and Russia
Gestapo: Nazi secret police

4. Adolf Hitler Born in Austria – April 20, 1889 Not a good student
Tried to become an artist in Vienna
Painted post cards by the river
Served in WWI
Western Front for 4 years

5. Early Politics 1919 – Joins German Workers’ Party
Right wing, extremist nationalists

6. Summer of 1921
Gains control of NSDAP, or Nazi Party
National Socialist German Workers’ Party
55,000 members by 1923
15,000 in militia
SA, Storm Troops, Brownshirts

7. Beer Hall Putsch Hitler attempted to seize power in 1923.
Arrested and tried for treason
Sentenced to 5 years in prison
Served 9 months

8. The Bürgerbräukeller Site of the Beer Hall Putsch
Main gathering place of Nazi Party
Attempted assassination 1939

9. The Feldherrnhalle

12. Memorial Plaques

14. Dodger’s Alley

15. Hofbräu München

16. Hofbräu München

18. Wrote Mein Kampf while in jail
My Struggle
Called Germans “Aryans”
Incorrect
Non-Aryans were inferior
Treaty of Versailles was an outrage
Called for lebensraum

19. Mein Kampf
Ideology and Philosophy
1.) German Nationalism! (‘HRE’ – Prussia – German Empire)
2.) Rejection of the Treaty of Versailles – Why?
3.) German Re-armament (militarize)
4.) Annexation of Austria (Germans…)
5.) Anti-Semitism (lots of reasons; mainly, international conspiracy… against Germans)
6.) Fight Rassenkrieg (racial war & eugenics);
7.) * …to win Lebensraum (living space) for Aryan race *
“…in order to remain healthy, species must continually expand the amount of space they occupy…”

20. !!!Hitler came to power legally!!!
Nothing to something…
Ignored until Great Depression caused panic and resentment
Nazis were the biggest political party by 1932
Hitler appointed chancellor in 1933
!!!Hitler came to power legally!!!

22. The Enabling Act was a 1933 Weimar Constitution amendment that gave the German Cabinet – in effect, Chancellor Adolf Hitler – the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag.
It passed in both the Reichstag and Reichsrat on 23 March 1933, and was signed by President Paul von Hindenburg later that day. The act stated that it was to last four years unless renewed by the Reichstag, which occurred twice. The Enabling Act gave Hitler plenary powers. It followed on the heels of the Reichstag Fire Decree, which abolished most civil liberties and transferred state powers to the Reich government. The combined effect of the two laws was to transform Hitler's government into a de facto legal dictatorship.
The formal name of the Enabling Act was Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich (English: "Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich"). This legislation was ostensibly passed at the Kroll Opera House, where the legislators were surrounded by, and threatened by, members of SA and SS. The Communists had already been effectively banned and were therefore not able to vote, while several Social Democrats were kept away as well. In the end, nearly all the parties present voted for the act, with the Social Democrats being the only ones voting against.[1]

23. Fire at the Reichstag Feb 27, 1933 Building where parliament met
Blamed Communists
Nazis win parliamentary majority

24. Enabling Act of 1933
March 23
Gave gov’t power to ignore constitution for four years
Gov’t would issue laws to deal with problems
Provided legal basis for Holocaust

25. Uses new power to create totalitarian state
Banned other political parties
Arrested opponents

26. The Schutzstaffeln – The SS
Created as Hitler’s bodyguard
Led by Heinrich Himmler
Controlled Secret Police – Gestapo – and regular police force
Ran concentration and death camps
Execution squads

27. Controlled the economy
Banned strikes
Dissolved unions
Gov’t authority over business and labor
Put Germans to work
Built highways, weapons, military service
Unemployment dropped severely

28. Women and Nazism Women played crucial role
Give birth to children that would become good little Nazis
Bring about the triumph of the Aryan Race
Raise men to be warriors and political leaders
Women that would be wives and mothers

29. Anti-Semitic Policies
Anti-Semitism: hatred of Jewish people
Jewish used as scapegoats for Germany’s problems
Kristallnacht: “Night of the Broken Glass” – November 9, 1938 signaled the start of eliminating Jewish people from Germany
Belief in a “master race”
- everyone else is inferior