1. Lesson Objectives: Chapter 20, Section 3 - The Great Society
Standard Addressed: Students analyze the major social problems and domestic policy issues in contemporary American society.
CH 20-SEC 3
Lesson Objectives: Chapter 20, Section 3 - The Great Society
1. Describe the political path that led Johnson to the White House.
2. Explain Johnson’s efforts to enact a domestic agenda.
3. Summarize the goals of Johnson’s Great Society.
4. Identify the reforms of the Warren Court.
5. Evaluate the impact of Great Society programs.

2. QUIZ!
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CH-20-3

3. A BULLDOG ALWAYS
CARES
Commitment
Attitude
Respect
Encouragement
Safety

4. THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY
KENNEDY AND JOHNSON LEAD AMERICA IN THE 1960S

5. SECTION 3: THE GREAT SOCIETY
A fourth-generation Texan, Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) entered politics in 1937 as a congressman
Johnson admired Franklin Roosevelt who took the young congressman under his wing
Johnson became a senator in 1948 and by 1955 he was Senate majority leader
Senator Johnson pictured in 1958 with a nerd

6. THE 1964 ELECTION
In 1964, the Republicans nominated conservative senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona to oppose Democrat Lyndon Johnson
Goldwater opposed LBJ’s social legislation
Goldwater alienated voters by suggesting the use of nuclear weapons in Cuba and North Vietnam

7. LBJ WINS BY A LANDSLIDE LBJ won the 1964 election by a landslide
For many it was an anti-Goldwater vote
Many Americans saw Goldwater as a War Hawk
The Democrats also increased their majority in Congress
Now Johnson launched his reform program in earnest

8. LBJ easily defeats Goldwater in ‘64

9. JOHNSON’S DOMESTIC AGENDA
As soon as Johnson took office, he urged Congress to pass the tax-cut bill that Kennedy had sent to Capital Hill
The tax cut passed and $10 billion in cuts took effect

10. Guided Reading 1. Tax-cut Bill of 1964 Tax-cut: Economic growth;
Program or Law
Objectives or Results
1. Tax-cut Bill of 1964
Tax-cut: Economic growth;
an increase in consumer spending,
business investment, and tax revenues;
a reduction in federal budget deficit

13. LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches
CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964
In July of 1964, LBJ pushed the Civil Rights Act through Congress
The Act prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion or national origin, and granted the federal government new powers to enforce the law
LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act as Martin Luther King watches

14. "By the way, what's the big word?"
VOTING RIGHTS ACT 1964
Part of the Civil Rights Act was to insure voting rights for all Americans
The act prohibited literacy tests or other discriminatory practices for voting
The act insured consistent election practices
"By the way, what's the big word?"

15. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS
A – Why did Kennedy chose Johnson to be his running mate?
Johnson brought balance to the ticket because of his experience and influence in Congress and his Southern Protestant background.

16. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading
Program or Law
Objectives or Results
2. Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil Rights: Prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender;
granted the federal government new powers of enforcement

17. THE WAR ON POVERTY
Following his tax cut and Civil Rights Act successes, LBJ launched his War on Poverty
In August of 1964 he pushed through Congress a series of measures known as the Economic Opportunity Act
The Act provided $1 billion in aid to the inner city

18. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ACT
THE EOA legislation created:
The Job Corps
VISTA (Volunteers in service to America)
Project Head Start for underprivileged preschoolers
The Community Action Program which encouraged the poor to participate in public works program
Project Head Start is still going strong

19. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS
B – What problems in American society did the Economic Opportunity Act seek to address?
Poverty and lack of opportunity.

20. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading
Program or Law
Objectives or Results
3. Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
Funded youth programs, antipoverty measures,
small business loans,
and job training;
created the
Job Corps,
the VISTA,
Project Head Start,
Community Action Program

21. By the time he left the White House in 1969, Congress had passed 206 of LBJ’s Great Society legislative initiatives

22. BUILDING THE GREAT SOCIETY
In May of 1964, LBJ summed up his vision for America in a phrase: “The Great Society”

23. EDUCATION
Johnson considered education “the key which can unlock the door to the Great Society”
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided $1 billion to help public schools buy textbooks and library materials
This Act represented the first major federal aid package for education ever

24. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading
Program or Law
Objectives or Results
4. Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Provided federal aid to help public and parochial schools to purchase textbooks,
new library materials,
and to offer special education classes

25. HEALTHCARE
LBJ and Congress enhanced Social Security by establishing Medicare and Medicaid
Medicare provided hospital insurance and low-cost medical care to the elderly

26. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Program or Law
Objectives or Results
5. Medicare
Medicare: Provided hospital and low-cost medical insurance to most Americans age 65 or older

27. HEALTHCARE Medicaid provided health benefits to the poor
In California Medicaid is called
Medi-Cal

28. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading 6. Medicaid
Program or Law
Objectives or Results
6. Medicaid
Extended health insurance to welfare recipients

29. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS C – How are Medicaid and Medicare similar?
Both provide govt sponsored health insurance.

30. HOUSING
Weaver
LBJ and Congress appropriated money to build 240,000 units of low-rent public housing; established the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Appointed the first black cabinet member, Robert Weaver, as HUD’s first leader

31. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS
D – How did the Immigration Act of 1965 change the nation’s immigration system?
It replaced the nations origins systems, which discriminated against people from, outside Western Europe.

32. THE ENVIRONMENT LBJ also actively sought to improve the environment
The Water Quality Act of 1965 required states to clean up their rivers and lakes
LBJ also ordered the government to clean up corporate polluters of the environment

33. CONSUMER PROTECTION
Consumer advocates also made gains during the 1960s
Major safety laws were passed in the U.S. auto industry and Congress passed the Wholesome Meat Act of 1967
LBJ said, “Americans can feel safer now in their homes, on the road, and at the supermarket”

34. IMMIGRATION REFORM
The Great Society also brought reform to immigration laws
The Natural Origins Acts of the 1920s strongly discriminated against immigration by those outside of Western Europe
The Immigration Act of 1965 opened the door for many non-European immigrants to settle in the U.S.

35. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS
E – What were the different reactions to the Warren Court decisions on the rights of the accused?
Liberals supported the decisions for protecting individual rights,
Conservatives criticized the Court for protecting criminal suspects and limiting police power.

36. MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS
F – What events and problems may have affected the success of the Great Society?
Some programs contributed to the budget deficit;
Federal spending, deficits and intervention sparked conservative backlash;
The Vietnam War drew away funds and attention.

37. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Program or Law
Objectives or Results
7. Immigration Act of 1965
Replaced the national origins system -with
a new immigration quota system that allowed more non-European immigrants to settle in the U.S.

38. SUPREME COURT REFORMS SOCIETY, TOO
Reform and change were not limited to the Executive and Legislative branches
The Judicial Branch led by the Supreme Court and Chief Justice Earl Warren did much to protect individual rights
Warren

39. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Brown v.
Board of
Education
(1954), separate public schools for black and white students are unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, (1954), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case
in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.

40. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Baker v.
Carr
1962), federal courts could intervene and redistricting cases.
Baker v. Carr, (1962), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case
that retreated from the Court's political question doctrine, deciding that redistricting (attempts to change the way voting districts are delineated) issues present justiciable questions, thus enabling federal courts to intervene in and to decide redistricting cases.

41. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Mapp v.
Ohio
(1961) illegally seized evidence could not be used in court
In Mapp v. Ohio (1961) was a landmark United States Supreme Court case
Ruled that illegally seized evidence could not be used in court

42. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Gideon v.
Wainright
(1963) states are required to provide a lawyer in criminal cases free of charge
Gideon v. Wainwright, (1963), is a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history.
In it, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford to pay their own attorneys.

43. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Escobedo v.
Illinois
(1964) the accused has the right to have an attorney present when questioned by police
In Escobedo v. Illinois was a landmark United States Supreme Court case
ruled that the accused has the right to have an attorney present when questioned by police

44. Guided Reading Guided Reading Guided Reading Results Court Case
Miranda v.
Arizona
(1966) all suspects must be read their rights before
In Miranda v. Arizona was a landmark United States Supreme Court case
ruled that all suspects must be read their rights before questioning

45. IMPACT OF GREAT SOCIETY
No president in Post-WWII era extended the power and reach of the federal government more than LBJ
The War on Poverty helped, the Civil Rights initiative made a difference and the massive tax cuts spurred the economy
The Great Society and the Warren Court changed the United States