1. Cell Vocabulary
Unit 4

2. 1. Ribosomes- Protein producing organelles; decode genetic material to assemble amino acids into proteins.

3. 2. Mitochondria- Energy producing organelles; contain inner membranes (cristae) which increase surface area to allow for more ATP production.

4. 3. Chloroplast- Specialized structures
3. Chloroplast- Specialized structures within plant cells that allow for photosynthesis to occur.

5. 4. DNA- Genetic makeup which codes for
4. DNA- Genetic makeup which codes for all life, leads to cell specialization and expression of genetic traits (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

6. 5. Nucleus- Control center of the cell.

7. 6. Plasma Membrane- Phospholipid bilayer surrounding all cells, allows for semi-permeability and homeostasis.

8. 7. Cell Wall- Surrounds the cell membrane
7. Cell Wall- Surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells; made of a rigid carbohydrate, cellulose, which maintains support and structure.

9. 8. Organelles- Specialized structures in a
8. Organelles- Specialized structures in a cell that carry out the cell’s internal processes.

10. 9. Eukaryotic Cell- A cell containing a true nucleus.

11. 10. Prokaryotic Cell- A cell that does not have a true nucleus.

12. 11. Cell- The basic unit of life; makes up all living organisms.

13. 12. Sperm Cell- Male sex cell.

14. 13. Vacuole- Organelles that take in excess
13. Vacuole- Organelles that take in excess water in a cell through the process of osmosis; larger in plant cells due to additional water intake.

15. 14. Differentiation- Occurs when a less
14. Differentiation- Occurs when a less specialized cell is transformed into a more specialized cell.

16. 15. Plant Cell- Eukaryotic cell containing
15. Plant Cell- Eukaryotic cell containing membrane bound organelles in addition to a cell wall and chloroplasts.

17. 16. Muscle Cell- Cell that composes. muscles, complete with many
16. Muscle Cell- Cell that composes muscles, complete with many mitochondria and myofibrils for contraction.

18. 17. Nerve Cell- Sends electrical and. chemical signals that allow for
17. Nerve Cell- Sends electrical and chemical signals that allow for communication and connections to be made.

19. 18. Stem Cells- Cells that have not yet
18. Stem Cells- Cells that have not yet differentiated (embryonic and adult) and may become one of many different tissue types.

20. 19. Blood Cell- Only cell in the body with no nucleus or DNA.

21. 20. Animal Cell- Eukaryotic cell containing
20. Animal Cell- Eukaryotic cell containing membrane-bound organelles without a cell wall or chloroplasts.