1. Cell Notes

2. Characteristics of Biotic Factors
Made of cells.
Respond and adapt to their environment
Grow and develop
Reproduce
Use energy.
Maintain Homeostasis
Made of similar chemicals

3. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
All cells are produced from other cells.

4. Living Needs organ system population cell Energy Water Living Space
Homeostasis –
Stable Internal Conditions
population
organism
organ system
organ
tissue
cell

5. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

6. Over 200 different types of human cells Erythrocytes Fibroblasts
Epithelial cells
(a) Cells that connect body parts,
form linings, or transport gases
Nerve cell
Skeletal
Muscle
cell
Smooth
muscle cells
(e) Cell that gathers information
and control body functions
(b) Cells that move organs and
body parts
Sperm
Macrophage
(f) Cell of reproduction
Fat cell
(c) Cell that stores nutrients
(d) Cell that
fights disease

7. Generalized Cell Human cells have three basic parts:
All cells have some common structures and functions
Human cells have three basic parts:
Plasma membrane—flexible outer boundary
Cytoplasm—intracellular fluid containing organelles
Nucleus—control center

8. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
An organism whose cells lack a true nucleus and
Some other cell structures.
Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
Unicellular
EX: Bacteria

9. Eukaryotic An organism with cells that contain nuclei and
other cell structures.
Plant
Animal

10. Nucleus Directs cell activities
Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
Contains genetic material - DNA

11. Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
~ 1/10 the size of eukaryotic cells
Large compared to prokaryotic cells
Nuclear area not membrane bound called the nucleoid
Membrane bound nucleus w/ a nucleolus
Single circular DNA
Many chromosomes w/ linear DNA
No membrane bound organelles
MB: Golgi, lysosomes, ER, peroxisomes, mitochondria

12. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Similarities
Both have ribosomes and cytoplasm
Both require a supply of energy
Both have DNA as their genetic material
Both are covered by a plasma (cell) membrane
Both are made from the same basic chemicals: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acid, minerals, fats and vitamins.
Both regulate the flow of the nutrients and wastes that enter and leave them

13. Cell Membrane All cells contain a cell membrane
Controls movement in and out of the cell
Double layer

14. Cell Wall a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
The outermost structure of the cell
Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
Supports & protects cells

15. A rod-shaped cellular structure made of
Chromosomes
A rod-shaped cellular structure made of
condensed chromatin
In nucleus
Made of DNA
Contain instructions for traits & characteristics

16. Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture – 80% water
Located between the nucleus and cell membrane
Many organelles found suspended within the cytoplasm
Cyto = cell
Plasm = to form or mold