1. Introductory Organic Nomenclature
Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes

2. Alkanes General Formula??? All single bonds Saturated hydrocarbons
Straight Chain (n-form) or cyclic (note: general formula changes when in ring form)
What are isomers? Molecules which contain the same atoms, but different bonding schemes.
Draw the five isomers of hexane (6 C’s)
Compare melting points and boiling points of
these isomers (Are LDF’s the same?)

3. Alkenes General Formula??? One double bond unsaturated
Straight Chain (n-form) or cyclic

4. A Saturated Triglyceride

5. Alkynes General Formula??? One triple bond unsaturated
Straight Chain (n-form) or cyclic

6. RULES FOR NAMING ALKANES
Methane One carbon
Ethane Two carbons
Propane Three carbons
Butane Four carbons
Pentane Five carbons
Hexane Six carbons
Heptane Seven carbons
Octane Eight carbons
Nonane Nine carbons
Decane Ten carbons

7. SIDE CHAINS One carbon ---- methyl Two carbons ---- ethyl
Three carbons---- propyl
Four carbons butyl
Halogens chloro, etc….

8. SPECIAL RULES ABOUT ALKENES AND ALKYNES
The multiple bond gets priority over side chains in numbering system.
Number the multiple bond with the lowest possible #.