1. Types of Chemical Reactions
Unit 5
Types of Chemical Reactions

2. Homework Write and balance equations numbers 1-13 on packet.
Retest: Monday 3/16 ( me!!!!)

3. 5 Types of Reactions Combination (Synthesis) Decomposition
Single replacement
Double replacement
Combustion

4. Combination (Synthesis)
Two or more substances react to form a single substance.
Reactants are usually two elements or two compounds.
Mg + O2 → MgO
Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur trioxide

5. Decomposition
A single compound is broken down into two or more products.
Calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

6. Single Replacement Must use metal activity series
Atoms of an element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound
Metal replaces metal
Non-metal replaces non-metal

7. Single Replacement
Reactivity of metals can be determined from the table.
Metal at top of the activity series will replace a metal ion that appears below it.

8. Single Replacement
The higher a metal is in a series, the better it is at losing electrons.
Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq) → ?
CuNO3 (aq)+ Ag(s)

9. Single Replacement Mg (s) + LiNO3(aq) → ? Mg (s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq) → ?
Aluminum metal + copper(II) sulfate → ?

10. Single Replacement Non-metal can replace a non-metal
Applies to halogens
Activity of halogens DECREASES as you go down group 7A

11. Single Replacement Will a single replace reaction occur?
Chlorine gas bubbled through a solution of potassium bromide

12. Homework
Write and Balance equations Problems 14-24

13. Double Replacement Changing Partners
Positive ion from one compound combines with the negative ion in the other compound and vice versa

14. Double Replacement
Solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide combine to form ???????????

15. Steps 1. Write balanced equation 2. Write complete ionic equation
3. Identify spectator ions
4. Write the net ionic equation

16. Double Replacement MUST USE THE SOLUBILITY TABLE
Silver nitrate is combined with sodium chloride

17. Combustion of a hydrocarbon
Always add oxygen
Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon always yields CO2 and H2O
Incomplete combustion will also yield CO

18. Combustion of a hydrocarbon
Write the equation for the complete combustion of octane (C8H18)
2C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g)→
16CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)

19. Homework Quiz Monday, Tue and Wed. (march 21, 22 and 23) Reactions 3

20. Combination Reactions (3 Types)
Type 1: Group 1 A metal + non-metal will produce a salt (cation + anion)
K (s) + Cl2 (g) →
KCl (s)

21. Combination Rxn (Type 2)
Non-metal Oxide + water will produce an acid
SO2 (g) + H2O (l) →
sulfurous acid

22. Combination Rxn. (Type 3)
Metal oxide + water will produce a base
Base: compound that contains hydroxide
CaO (s) + H2O (l) →
Ca(OH)2 (aq)

23. Double Replacement Rxns. (3 types)
Precipitate formation
Na2S (aq) + Cd(NO3)2 (aq) →
CdS (s) + NaNO3 (aq)

24. Double Replacement Rxns. Type 2
One product is a gas – bubbles out of solution
NaCN (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) →
HCN (g) + Na2SO4 (aq)

25. Double Replacement Rxns. Type 3
Neutralization: acid + base will produce salt and water
Ca(OH)2 (aq) + HCl (aq) →
CaCl2 (s) + H2O (l)

26. Double Replacement Rxns. Type 3A
Carbonate + acid →
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) + ionic compound with leftovers
Na2(CO3) (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) →
H2O (l) + CO2 (g) + Na2SO4 (aq)