1. Chapter 3: States of Matter
Mr. Jason Prushinski 9th Grade General Science

2. Ch 3.1: Solids, Liquids, & Gases
How can shape and volume be used to classify materials?
How can kinetic theory and forces of attraction be used to explain the behavior of gases, liquids, and solids?

3. Solids
The particles that make up a solid are packed very closely together
Definite:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Liquid
Liquid takes the shape of its container, but its volume does not change.

5. Gas
A gas takes the shape and volume of its container.

6. Kinetic Theory Particles in a gas are in constant random motion
The motion of one particle in unaffected by the motion of the other particles unless the collide
Forces of attraction among particles in a gas can be ignored under ordinary conditions

7. Behavior of Liquids
Has stronger force of attraction because particles are closer and moving slower due to lack of space
A liquid takes the shape of its container because particles in a liquid can flow to new locations (unlike tightly packed solids)

8. Behavior of Solids
Have a definite volume and definite shape due to tightly packed particles having light to no room to flow and move freely
Movie theater example!

10. 3.2 The Gas Laws What causes gas pressure in a closed container?
What factors affect gas pressure?
How are the temperature, volume, and pressure of a gas related?

11. Factors that Affect Gas Pressure
Temperature
Volume
Number of Particles

14. Combined Gas Law

15. 3.3 Phase Change
Phase Change: the _______________physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another

16. Temperature and Phase Change
The temperature of a substance __________________ change during a phase change

17. Energy and Phase Change
Endothermic: ________________energy
Heat of Fusion: the amount of energy absorbed
Exothermic: _____________of energy

18. Melting & Freezing
Melting: arrangement of molecules becomes ______________orderly
Freezing: arrangement of molecules becomes ______________orderly

19. Evaporation & Condensation
Evaporation: Liquid to a _______________
Heat of Vaporization: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Water vapor collected above water. Collisions of this vapor with the walls of the container causes Vapor Pressure
Condensation: gas to ________________
Responsible for ________________________ Exothermic process

20. Sublimation & Deposition
Sublimation: Solid directly to a ___________________
Endothermic Change
Ex: Dry Ice
Deposition: Gas directly to a ______________________
Exothermic Change