1. What is Life?
Biology

2. Vocabulary Cell Photosynthesis Respiration Metabolism Reproduction
Unicellular
Multicellular
Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
DNA
Nutrients
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Metabolism
Decomposer
Stimulus/response
Homeostasis
Evolution

3. Characteristics of living things
All organisms (living things) have/do:
Made of Units called CELLS
Reproduce
Based on a Universal Genetic Code
Grow and Develop
Obtain and Use Materials & Energy
Respond to stimulus (Environment)
Maintain Homeostasis
Taken as a group- Change over time

4. 1. Made of Units (Cells)
Definition
All organisms are made of cells, which are like microscopic building blocks.
• Cells: The basic unit of life
• Unicellular: organisms made of only one cell
They cannot be seen without a microscope. 
Ie. Many pathogens (disease causing agents)

5. Unicelluar

6. 1. Made of Units (Cells) Multicellular: organisms made of many cells.
Includes most organisms you are familiar with.

7. Multicellular

8. 2. Reproduction - To perpetuate (continue) a species
Definition
- To perpetuate (continue) a species
- To produce offspring that look like themselves.

9. 2. Reproduction 2 Types of Reproduction Sexual Asexual
-Offspring of two parents. 1 cell from each parent joins together to create new life.
- Offspring is unique, different from either parent
Asexual
- Offspring come from a single parent
- Offspring is identical to the parent

10. 3. Based on a Genetic Code DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid
Definition
The genetic code of all living things on Earth is carried by DNA or RNA
DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is a molecule that stores genetic information in organisms.

11. 4. Grow and Develop
Definition
Organisms will increase in size (grow) AND change in form (develop) during their lifetime.
GROW
DEVELOP

12. 4. Grow and Develop What is a Life Cycle?
The continuous sequence of changes from a single cell, to fully grown, then repeated with each generation.

14. 5. Obtain and use Materials and Energy
Definition
Living things must get nutrients and energy from their environment.
Some Examples: Macromolecules
Carbohydrates (energy source)
Proteins (cell building materials)
Lipids (fats) (cell building materials)
Nucleic acids (genetic materials)

15. 5. Obtain and use Materials and Energy
How often do cells use energy?
CONSTANTLY! In every process, cells use energy.
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Cell growth
Reproduction

16. 5. Obtain and use Materials and Energy
Metabolism: All chemical processes than synthesize (make) or break down materials within an organism

17. 5. Obtain and use Materials and Energy
Photosynthesis: Process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy. Carbon Dioxide and Water produce Sugar and Oxygen.

18. 5. Obtain and use Materials and Energy
Decomposer: Organism that breaks down organic compounds into simpler compounds.

19. 6. Respond to Stimuli
Definition
Living things must respond to changes in their environment.
Anything in the environment that causes an organism to react is called a stimulus. 
The reaction that takes place as a result of the stimulus is called the response. 
Responses can be short-term or long-term and they can be positive or negative.

20. 6. Respond to Stimuli
Positive Response: causes the organism to move towards the stimulus. 
Negative Response:
causes the organism to move away from the stimulus. 

21. 7. Maintain Homeostasis
Definition
Living things maintain constant, stable internal environment (ie. Temperature & pH) inside their bodies.
Your body runs a tight ship.  Conditions on the inside are tightly controlled.

22. 7. Maintain Homeostasis
Homeostasis: Regulation and maintenance of a constant internal condition inside an organism.

23. 7. Maintain Homeostasis
Most people maintain a constant body temperature around 98.6°F.  That is your homeostasis.
When facing conditions such as heavy exercise or hot weather, you sweat. 
As the water in the sweat changes from liquid to gas (evaporation), heat is lost allowing you to feel cooler. 
Your face gets red and flushed.  This is due to the dilation of blood vessels which brings heat to the surface of your skin where it is lost to the environment. 

24. 8. As a group, they Change over time
Definition
Living things on Earth today are different than living things on Earth thousands of years ago.

25. 8. As a group, they Change over time
Evolution: Process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors over time.