1. Organized Labor

2. Organized Labor Problems Workers Face Impersonal Conditions Long hours
Boring Repetitive Task
Low Wages
Dangerous Conditions
Child Labor
Periodic Unemployment
Lack of Opportunity for Advancement
Unpleasant Living Conditions

3. Organized Labor Labor Unions Goals of Labor Unions
Groups of industrial works organizing to gain better working conditions.
Goals of Labor Unions
Obtain Higher Wages and Better Working Conditions
Strike: walk off their jobs at the same time.
“Mutual Aide” Society
Place Pressure on Government

4. Organized Labor Knights of Labor
First nationwide labor Union
Founded by Terrence Powderly
Include both skilled and unskilled workers.
Was not organized well enough to win Strikes.

5. Organized Labor Samuel Gompers American Federation of Labor
Founded the American Federation of Labor
American Federation of Labor
Labor Union who admitted only skilled labors
Fought for higher pay, 8-hour workday, and better working condition.
Was more successful than Night of Labor

6. Organized Labor Tactics of Labor Unions and Management Picket Line:
Strikers would gather outside their jobs to raise public opinion
Strike-breakers:
Temporary works hired by government to operate the factory.
Lock-out
Managers would close the factory so workers could not work.
Yellow-dog contracts
Contracts prohibiting workers form joining unions
Blacklisting
Placing Union Leaders names on list that prevent them from getting a job.

7. Lecture Quiz What were five problems workers faced in urban areas?
What is a labor union?
How are strikes used to benefit laborers?
What is considered to be the first labor union?
Who is Samuel Gompers?
What are two tactics management used against unions?

8. Organized Labor Haymarket Riot (1886)
Riots in Chicago between striking workers and strikebreaking
Cops break up the fighting with gun shots
Unions are blamed for the violence
The Knights of Labor are blamed and dissolve shortly after.

9. Organized Labor Homestead Strike:
Strike lead by steel workers in attempt to earn more money.
Government sides with the steel factories.
Violence initiated by strikers lead to negative public opinion of Unions.

10. Organized Labor Pullman Strike
Strike occurs because Pullman lowers wages but not prices on good in the company town.
The entire railroad union goes on strike
President Cleveland gets involved siding with the Railroad.

11. Organized Labor Capitalism Socialism Anarchism Social Darwinist
Individuals or corporations privately own the means of production
Socialism
Government ownership of the means of production to improve conditions for workers.
Anarchism
Political theory opposing all forms of government in favor of self governing communities.
Social Darwinist
Belief that humans compete for survival and those who are naturally superior will meet with the greatest success.