1. Nixon’s Foreign Policy: The Middle East
Ch. 31
Sec. 1 Pp

2. The Middle East
Nixon wanted to keep world stability without being involved in regional disputes
Did not want another Vietnam
U.S. would help, but not take responsibility for their future
Nixon and Sadat in Cairo

3. Arab-Israeli Tensions
Israel and Arabs fought in 1948, 1956, and 1967
Israel gained West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and Sinai Peninsula
Arab refugees increased
Thousands of Palestinians now live in Israeli-held territory

4. Yom Kippur War
Oct – Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on a major holiday
U.S. pressured Israel into a cease-fire
Arab nations imposed an embargo (ban on all shipments) of oil to U.S.

5. Shuttle Diplomacy
Nixon sent Kissinger to negotiate between the Arabs and Israelis
Shuttle diplomacy – traveling back and forth between capitals
1974 – Golda Meir and Anwar el-Sadat reached agreements
Persuaded Arab nations to end oil embargo
Improved relations with Egypt with promise of foreign aid
Rabin and Kissinger

6. Latin America Wanted to prevent the spread of communism
Allende elected president of Chile. He was a follower of Marx (communism), so the U.S. protested
CIA backed small group of Chilean military leaders under Gen. Pinochet and they overthrew the government and set up a dictatorship
Allende
Pinochet