1. AS3000:2017 Changes Alterations Additions and Repairs
What you need to know
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3. Existing version said Alterations, additions and repairs Every alteration of, or addition to, an existing electrical installation shall be deemed to be a new electrical installation, and all relevant provisions of this Standard shall apply to every such alteration or addition……… Repairs to existing electrical installations or parts thereof may be effected using methods that were acceptable when that part of the electrical installation was originally installed, provided that the methods satisfy the fundamental safety principles of Part 1 of this Standard.

4. 1.9.3 Alterations and repairs
Alterations to electrical installations shall comply with all relevant provisions of this Standard.
Alterations to electrical installations shall not cause any portion of the original electrical installation, or electrical equipment connected thereto, to—
carry currents or sustain voltages in excess of those permitted by this Standard; or
be used in any manner that is not in accordance with this Standard.

5. 1.4.53 Electrical installation
Electrical equipment installed for the purposes of conveyance, control, measurement or use of electricity, where electricity is or is to be supplied for consumption. Includes electrical equipment supplied from a distributor’s system or a private generating system.
NOTES:
An electrical installation usually commences at the point of supply and finishes at a point (in wiring) but does not include portable or stationary electrical equipment connected by plug and socket-outlet (other than where a socket-outlet is used to connect sections of the fixed installation).
Electrical equipment
Wiring systems, switchgear, control-gear, accessories, appliances, luminaires and fittings used for such purposes as generation, conversion, storage, transmission, distribution or utilization of electrical energy.

6. Clause Alteration An adjustment, change or modification to, or deletion or replacement of, a part(s) of an electrical installation.

7. Clause Repair The work to restore the Electrical installation to safe and sound working condition after deterioration or damage which has occurred Repairs Repairs to existing electrical installations or parts thereof may be effected using methods, fixtures and fittings that were acceptable when that part of the electrical installation was originally installed or with methods, fixtures and fittings currently available as direct replacement, provided that the methods satisfy the fundamental safety principles of Part 1 of this Standard.

8. To comply with the fundamental safety principles of Part 1 we need to apply 1.7.1(c) - when installing replacement electrical equipment, it "shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions“, eg. isolators etc. will be required. The intent of was always to have the understanding of the definitions as above. This is the reason they are being clarified in the new rule book. A repair was not understood to be the replacement of a part of an electrical installation, or an entire fixed wired appliance ( and 53). A replacement of a part of an installation always carried the intent of being an Alteration and therefore a new installation.

9. Replacements are alterations, not repairs
Replacements are alterations, not repairs. Changing a cooktop is like for like, however it is not a repair, it is a replacement, and therefore is an Alteration, and therefore is a new installation. Replacing an element or a thermostat is a repair and does not require that portion of the installation to be brought to standard. Repairs are only done to the standard that applied at the time of the install. Repairs are the minimum required to bring the installation back to a safe and functional operation.

10. Alteration Repairs and Replacement of switchboards (previously “Alterations, additions and repairs”, clarifying that it is for switchboard specifically) Where additional final subcircuits are added to an existing switchboard, and the number of those additional circuits totals 20% or more of the original number of circuits, then additional protection by RCDs as required by this Clause (Clause 2.6) shall be provided for all of the existing and additional final subcircuits supplied from that switchboard. If you have a switchboard with 5 final subcircuits and you add 1 new circuit, you are now required to upgrade the entire switchboard.

11. Socket Outlets Socket-outlets added to an existing circuit shall be protected by an RCD in accordance with the requirements for new subcircuits in the part of the installation in which they are located. Where socket-outlets are added to an existing circuit and RCD protection is required, the RCD protection need only be fitted at the commencement of the additional wiring. Exceptions: These requirements need not apply to the following: 1. Where socket-outlets or lighting points that are not RCD-protected are replaced, including the replacement of a single socket-outlet with a multiple socket-outlet assembly. 2. Extensions to existing non-RCD-protected final subcircuits supplying lighting points only, provided that the existing final subcircuit is not RCD-protected:

12. Neutral bar New paragraph before exception Where a cable is used as the neutral conductor, and is looped between devices on the line side, the connection to each device shall be such that continuity remains when the device is removed. Twisting of conductors is not adequate. Cannot rely on the connection within the device to maintain the connection of a neutral to another device.

13. Sleeving existing earthing and bonding conductors Where installation of earthing or bonding conductors have been previously installed using bare or green conductors complying with previous editions of this standard then those earthing or can remain for their intended use. When alterations or repairs are carried out the resulting new terminations or junctions to these existing bare or green conductors, then all of the bare or green conductors shall be sleeved with green/yellow sleeving within each of the new junctions or terminations.

14. Sleeving existing Live conductors Sleeving of existing live conductors in installations where yellow insulation have been previously installed as a live conductor complying with previous editions of this standard then those live conductors can remain for their intended use. When alterations or repairs are carried out the resulting new terminations or junctions to these existing live yellow conductors, then all of the live yellow conductors shall be sleeved with yellow sleeving within each of the new junctions or terminations.

15. Wiring systems likely to be disturbed Wiring systems installed in the following locations are deemed likely to be disturbed:
(c) In parts of a ceiling space where access is greater than 0.6 m in height. New Paragraph inserted after (e) Wiring systems installed in positions where they are likely to be disturbed shall be—
supported at suitable intervals to prevent the undue sagging of cables;
supported to prevent single insulated cables from being accidently withdrawn from electrical equipment; and
protected from mechanical damage as specified in Clause
RCDs shall not be used in lieu of mechanical protection for wiring systems that are likely to be disturbed.

16. 3.9.4.2 Wiring systems near building surfaces
Wiring systems that are fixed in position by either fasteners or by passing through an opening in a structural member shall be protected by one of the methods outlined in Clause if they are concealed within 50 mm from the surface of a wall, floor, ceiling or roof. And located more than 150 mm from internal wall-to-wall or wall-to-ceiling corners.
Exception: These requirements need not apply to wiring systems that can move freely to a point not less than 50 mm from the surface in the event of a nail or screw penetrating the cavity at the location of the wiring system. Figures 3.3 to 3.5 provide examples of protection of wiring systems near building surfaces.

19. For clarification
Protection methods Where protection of a wiring system is required, in accordance with Clauses and , the wiring system shall be—
provided with adequate mechanical protection to prevent damage; or
provided with an earthed metallic armouring, screen, covering or enclosure; or
protected by an RCD with a maximum rated operating residual current of 30 mA.
So Mains and submains will require a or b,
Final subcircuits need only be RCD protected.

20. 4.7.1 Switching device A circuit for a fixed or stationary cooking appliance having an open cooking surface incorporating electric heating, e.g. a cooktop, deep fat fryer, barbecue griddle or similar, shall be provided with a switch, operating in all active conductors, mounted near the appliance in a visible and readily accessible position. Switches shall not be mounted on the cooking appliance and shall not be mounted in such a position that the user must reach across the open cooking surface to operate them. Switches for cooking appliances, including the combined gas/electric cooking appliances specified in Clause , shall not be located in the prohibited location shown in Figure 4.17.

21. 4.7.3 Clearance from open cooking surfaces Socket-outlets and switches shall not be installed in the prohibited locations shown in Figure 4.17, on any wall, cupboard or other surface within 150mm, of the edge of the open gas or electric cooking surface, in the area extending from the top of the cooking surface to a range hood, cupboard or ceiling located directly above the cooking surface or 2.5 meters above the floor that is directly below the cooking surface whichever is the lower.

22. FIGURE 4.17 Prohibited locations for socket outlets
installed near cooking surfaces whether gas or electric

23. Isolator (Hot Water systems) Every fixed wired water heater shall be provided with an independent isolating switch lockable in accordance with Clause The isolating switch shall be—
additional to any automatic switch incorporated in the heater structure;
installed adjacent to but not on the water heater.
Where a water heater is supplied by two or more final subcircuits all of the final subcircuits for that heater shall be capable of being isolated by a single switch.
The use of a circuit breaker in a switchboard as an isolation device no longer complies.

24. 4.19 AIRCONDITIONING AND HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Airconditioning and heat pump systems incorporating a compressor shall be provided with a lockable isolating switch installed adjacent to but not on the unit, which isolates all parts of the system, including ancillary equipment, from the same location. For split system airconditioning units, where the manufacturer requires the airconditioning system to be connected to the electricity supply by means of a plug and socket at the internal unit, the isolating switch installed at the external unit shall control the socket-outlet located at the internal unit. For airconditioning systems including room heaters incorporating a compressor where the internal head unit or units are supplied from a circuit separate from that of the compressor a warning sign shall be permanently fixed on or adjacent to the compressor isolator indicating that the isolator does not isolate the ancillary equipment. Where the head unit is not connected by plug and socket an independent isolating switch lockable in accordance with shall be installed adjacent to each separately supplied head unit. (This would happen in a body corporate situation where the head units are supplied by the individual tenants.)

25. 4.19 AIRCONDITIONING AND HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS Exceptions: 1 The isolating switch may be installed at the switchboard supplying the system if the switchboard is dedicated to the equipment (e.g. an airconditioning plant room). 2 This Clause need not apply to unitary window or through-wall airconditioners, or to heat pump hot water services that are supplied by a plug and socket-outlet installed adjacent to the unit.

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