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Sec (4.3) The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web Hypertext: a term that originally referred to text documents that contains links, called hyper links, to a there documents Hypertext has been expended to encompass images, audio and video, so it is called sometimes hypermedia When using GUI, the reader of a hypertext document can follow the hyperlinks associated with it by pointing and clicking with the mouse The web that has evolved on the internet spans the entire globe and is known as the World Wide Web (www) A hyper text document on the world wide web is often called a web page A collection of closely related web pages is called a website
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Web Implementation: Hypertext documents are normally transferred between browsers and web servers using a protocol (HTTP) Browser: it is a client that provides the user interface that allows a user to browse within the web Web server: the server package resides on a computer containing hypertext documents to be accessed To locate and retrieve documents on the world wide web, each document is given a unique address called a (URL) [Uniform Resource Locator] Each URL contains the information needed by a browser to contact the power server and request the desired document
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A typical URL consists of:
The protocol : to use to communicate with the server controlling access to the document Mnemonic name address: of the machine containing the server Directory path: needed for the server to find the directory containing the document name of the document itself For ex.: ssentrorse.aw.com/autohors/ shakespesre/ Julis_caeser.html
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Shortened URL: provide a simple means of containing organizations Ex.:
will lead to the home page Search engine: is the software package designed to help web users identify documents pertaining to various subjects
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HTML: Hypertext document is similar to a text file because its text is encoded character using a system such as ASCII or Unicode The direction is that a hypertext document also contains special symbols, called Tag that describe how the document should appear on a display screen, what multimedia resources, and which items within the document are linked to other document. This system of tags is known as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
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The page encoded using HTML:
Ex.: <html> <head> <title> document page </title> </head> <body> <h1> My web page </h1> <p> click hear for another page </p> <p> <img src = "ourImage.jpg"> <p> <a href = > Islamic University </a> <p> <table> <tr> <td> data1 </td> <td> data2 </td> </tr> <td> data3</td> <td> data4 </td> </table> </body> </html>
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