1. Figure 1 Diagnostic flowchart for patients with suspected heart failure—showing alternative ‘echocardiography first’ (blue) or ‘natriuretic peptide first’ (red) approaches.
From: ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14): doi: /eurheartj/ehs104
Eur Heart J | © The European Society of Cardiology All rights reserved. For permissions please

2. Figure 2 Treatment options for patients with chronic symptomatic systolic heart failure (NYHA functional class II–IV).
From: ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14): doi: /eurheartj/ehs104
Eur Heart J | © The European Society of Cardiology All rights reserved. For permissions please

3. Figure 3 Recommendations for controlling the ventricular rate in patients with heart failure and persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation and no evidence of acute decompensation*.
From: ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14): doi: /eurheartj/ehs104
Eur Heart J | © The European Society of Cardiology All rights reserved. For permissions please

4. Figure 4 Initial assessment of patient with suspected acute heart failure. ECG = electrocardiogram; ETT = endotracheal tube; IABP = intra-aortic balloon pump; NIV = non-invasive ventilation; NP = natriuretic peptide.
From: ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14): doi: /eurheartj/ehs104
Eur Heart J | © The European Society of Cardiology All rights reserved. For permissions please

5. Figure 5 Algorithm for management of acute pulmonary oedema/congestion.
From: ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC
Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14): doi: /eurheartj/ehs104
Eur Heart J | © The European Society of Cardiology All rights reserved. For permissions please