1. Reproduction
Chapter 2 Lesson 1

2. What are sexual and asexual reproduction
The production of a new organisms from TWO parents
Sperm cell- male
Egg cell- female
Allow for variation amongst species.
The fertilized egg carries traits from both parents
The production of a new organism from a single parent
Offspring is identical to parent
Genetic information is not mixed= NO variation

3. How do organisms reproduce asexually?
SPLITTING- most unicellular protists and bacteria reproduce by splitting into two cells
BUDDING- some organisms, including cnidarians, sponges, and some fungi, reproduce this way.
A small part of the parent’s body grows into a tiny and complete version of the parent and eventually the bud breaks off
VEGETATIVE PROPOGRATION- occurs in plants that produce new plants from leaves, roots, or stems.
Runners are used which are plant stems that lie on or under the ground and sprout up as new plants
Strawberry plants, aspen trees, ferns, and most grasses can reproduce by growing runners

4. How do plants and animals reproduce?
When plants and animals reproduce sexually, a fertilized egg develops into an embryo (the beginning of a new offspring
SEEDS & FRUIT- many plants reproduce sexually
FLOWERS- are the reproductive structure of many plants
FERTILIZATION- occurs in the ovary of a flower
SEED- is the packaged embryo
ANIMALS- reproduce sexually and begin as fertilized egg cells that develop into embryos
Some animals, such as birds and reptiles, develop inside eggs.
Some mammals lay eggs (platypus) as do most fish and amphibians

5. How do fungi reproduce?
Yeast are unicellular fungi and reproduce by budding
FRUITING BODIES- fungal structures that produce spores
SPORES- can grow into new fungi
Spores are the reproductive cells that are produced through cell division
Many fungi release their spores through a process called sporulation. These can be carried by the wind, animals, or rain
MOLD also produces spores