1. 6 Characteristics of Living Things

2. 1. Living Things Have 1 or More Cells.
Every organism is made up of one or more cells
one-celled organisms are called _____________
Examples are: _______________________
organisms with more than 1 cell are called
_______________.
Examples are: _______________________________.
unicellular
bacteria, yeast, amoeba
multicellular
humans, plants, mushrooms

3. What's a Cell?
A membrane-covered structure that separates an organism from its environment.
Cells have everything necessary for_____.
Cells are generally too _______ to be seen by the naked eye.
life
small

4. 2. Living Things Respond to Stimuli
A stimulus is a change in an organism’s environment that affects the activity of the organism.
All organisms sense stimuli in their environment and respond.
Examples:
___________________________________________
What do you do when the fire alarm sounds?
The bell is a _________ and leaving the building is the__________.
light, odors, sounds, weather
stimulus
response

5. Organisms also respond to changes in their internal environment
Organisms also respond to changes in their internal environment. Maintaining a stable internal environment is called ____________. It is necessary because most chemical reactions in the body require balanced environments.
Example: Your body maintains a temperature of about 37°C (98.6°F). When you’re hot you sweat; when you’re cold you shiver; this is your body trying to return things to normal.
homeostasis

6. 3. Living Things Reproduce
Asexual Reproduction – one parent; offspring are identical to the parent
Sexual Reproduction – two parents; offspring have characteristics of both parents

7. 4. Living Things Have DNA DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA encodes _______ that are the blueprint for life.
genes

8. 5. Living Things Use Energy
Energy is required to carry out all day-to-day activities.
Examples of activities that require energy:
_____________________________________
walking, thinking, digesting food

9. 6. Living Things Grow and Develop
All organisms grow
during periods of their
lives.
They develop or
change in form as
they grow.

10. Necessities of Life

11. 1. Food
All living things need food because it gives them _______to carry out day-to-day activities.
___________ – make their own food.
___________ – eat other organisms to get food.
___________ – break down nutrients in dead organisms or animal waste.
energy
producers
consumers
decomposers

12. 2. Water Probably the single most important compound on Earth.
~_____ of the content of cells is water
Used in all chemical reactions in the cell
70 %

13. 3. Air
oxygen
_________ – needed by most animals and plants; used in the chemical process called cellular respiration that releases energy from food.
_______________– needed by plants, algae and some bacteria; used to convert the energy of sunlight into food in a process called __________________.
carbon dioxide
photosynthesis

14. 4. A Place to Live
All living things must have somewhere to live that contains:
____________________
Space is limited
Organisms often compete with each other for food, water and other necessities. Even plants compete with each other for living space and access to water and sunlight.
Food, water and air

15. The Chemistry of Life
There are four major building blocks or molecules required for life.

16. Proteins ____________
After water, proteins are the most abundant material in the cell.
Have many different functions such as providing structure, helping carry out chemical reactions and transport of materials around the cell

17. Examples of proteins in the body:
__________________________________
Muscle, skin, hair, fingernails
Sources of protein:
_________________________________
Meat, fish, eggs, milk products

18. carbohydrates
2) ____________
Major source of energy for the body
Made up of sugars

19. Examples of carbohydrates:
________________________________
Sources of carbohydrates:
Sucrose, fructose, starch, glycogen
Bread, cereal, pasta, rice, potatoes

20. lipids
3) ____________
Some are an important part of the cell membrane – a structure that surrounds and protects the cell
Others are used for energy storage

21. Types of lipids:
_________________________________
Sources of lipids:
fats and oils
meat, vegetable oils, nuts, whole milk, butter

22. Nucleic acids
4) ____________
Made up of subunits
called nucleotides
Sometimes called the
blueprints of life
because _______ is a
nucleic acid
DNA