1. Malaria Medicines and Diagnostics
WHO/UNICEF Technical Briefing Seminar on Essential Medicines Policies
30 October 2012, WHO Headquarters, Geneva - Salle A
A. Bosman, MD PhD
Coordinator, Diagnosis Treatment and Vaccines

2. Malaria positivity rate in African health facilities
39 studies conducted between 1986 and 2007 in 16 African countries
<year 2000
>year 2000
100 90
7686
5372
7785
2118
700
2376 80 70 60
56%
PR (%) 50
50% 40
31% 30
27% 20
20%
13% 10
<5y
5-15y
>15y
<5y
5-15y
>15y
Age groups
Age groups
D’Acremont et al, Malaria J 2010

3. - - - - + - + LLIN/IRS RDT ACT Medicines non-ACTs for NMFI
Interactions in malaria between medicines, diagnostics and vector control
LLIN/IRS - - - -
RDT
ACT
Severe malaria
treatment + -
Medicines
for NMFI
non-ACTs +
Product interactions more complex in private sector (order of entry, perseverance etc.)

4. World Health Organization
19 June, 2018
Deployment of RDTs in Livingstone (Zambia): impact on malaria cases and ACT consumption
ACT
ACTs
RDTs
From over 25'000 ACTs in 2007 to less than 5'000 in 2008
Source: NMCC, Zambia MoH

5. World Health Organization
The example of Senegal:
~ 0.5 million less ACT consumed in
19 June, 2018
Suspected cases
Tested cases
Positive cases
Treated cases
In Senegal, after scaling up of RDT implementation at country level, we can see that the curve for suspected cases and that for tested cases become superposed, which indicates that probably most suspected cases are now tested for malaria. Similarly, the curve for positive cases and that for treated cases are very close in 2009, which is an indication that only positive cases are now treated for malaria. These extrapolations can be only made in the absence of major stock-outs of RDTs and ACTs.
World malaria report 2010

6. ACT procurement with international funds
World Health Organization
ACT procurement with international funds
19 June, 2018
data provided by 8 companies eligible for procurement by WHO/UNICEF

7. World Health Organization
RDT performance in Phase 2 of Rounds 1 – 3 against wild type (clinical) samples containing P. falciparum at low (200 parasites/μl) and high (2000 or 5000 parasites/μl) parasite densities and clean-negative samples
19 June, 2018
PDS at 2000 parasites/μl
PDS at 200 parasites/μl
False Positive Rate
Invalid Rate

8. Malaria RDT sales Sales to public and private sectors
Sales by panel detection score (PDS)

9. RDT Product Testing: Rounds 1 - 4

10. T3 – Test. Treat. Track. Scaling up diagnostic testing, treatment and surveillance
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