1. Earth as a System
EQ: What are the 4 spheres of the earth? How is energy transferred through each sphere

2. Earth Science
Earth Science – Body of knowledge about Earth and its place in the universe
Earth Scientist use several BIG IDEAS to guide them.
 Structure of Earth’s Systems
 Earth’s History
 Earth in the Solar System

3. Earth Systems
A system can be described by the way matter and energy are transferred within the system.
Closed Systems:
System in which energy but not matter is exchanged with surroundings
Open Systems:
System in which both energy and matter are exchanged with surroundings
All systems that make up the earth are open

4. Earth Systems

5. Earths Spheres The Atmosphere The Hydrosphere
Mixture of gases that surrounds the planet
Provides air to breath and protection from suns radiation
The Hydrosphere
Part of earth that is water
71% of earth’s surface
Oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, and groundwater
Cryosphere – Frozen water

6. Earths 4 Spheres The Geosphere (Lithosphere) The Biosphere
Rocky part of earth
Extends from center of the core to surface of the crust
The Biosphere
All forms of life on earth
Extends from the oceans to the atmosphere

7. Earth’s Energy Budget 1st law of Thermodynamics
Energy can not be created or destroyed
Internal Sources of Energy
When earth formed 4.6 billion years ago, its interior was heated by radioactive decay and gravitational contraction
External Sources of Energy
The sun
Gravitational energy from moon and sun generate tides that help mix the ocean water.

8. Earth’s Energy Budget 19% absorbed by the atmosphere
Draw and label a picture that includes the following budget of solar energy using only arrows and simple pictures.
19% absorbed by the atmosphere
100% incoming solar energy
30% reflected by space
4% reflected by water and land
16% absorbed by water vapor
51% absorbed by water and land
6% scattered by air
20% reflected by clouds
70% reradiated as longwave radiation
3% absorbed by clouds