1. Motivation and Emotion (Chapter 16)
Second Lecture Outline:
Needs and emotions
Assessing emotions
Human sexuality (166)

2. Basic human needs Physiological needs are reflected in personality
McClelland: Need for achievement
Thematic Apperception Test
Abraham Maslow: Needs for affiliation, power, and achievement
Needs form a hierarchy
Motivation related to intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, e.g., getting an “A”

3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Need for self actualization
Progression if lower needs are satisfied, regression if they are not
Esteem needs
Belonginess and love
Safety and security needs
Physiological needs
Student in a crisis: Are you alive? Are you safe? Do you have some friends to talk to? Are you feeling okay? Have you learned anything from the crisis?

4. Different components of emotions
Subjective
I am mad because I feel mad and my body feels tense
Physiological I am mad because I am aroused and full of testosterone
Cognitive
I am mad because I just lost thegame and was all my fault

5. Emotional experience What comes first, cognition or emotion?
You can be “afraid” in a big empty house, and then begin thinking about frightening things happening
Someone can tell you stories in a big empty house and you end up afraid
Do you show fear in your facial expression? Do you eye an escape route? How do you control your fear?

6. Major emotions in pairs
Happiness and Joy
Fear and anxiety
Acceptance
Anticipation/ Interest
Sadness
Anger
Disgust or shame
Surprise

7. How do you assess emotional experience?
Self Report/ Subjective
Behavioral observations (face, actions)
Physiological measurement [arousal, hormones, polygraph]

8. Emotional schhematics: Ekman