1. Atoms

2. You will need: The vocab cards for
Atom, nucleus, electron, element, isotope, compound , ionic bond, ion, covalent bond, molecule, van der Waals forces.
2. 2 Pieces of paper
3. A baggie with 3 colors of holes.
Write the number on the baggie here__________

3. Atomic Particles I. Protons – positive; determines the element;
power of Atomic bomb
(fission); Hydrogen bomb (fusion)
II. Neutron – neutral; determines the isotope
III. Electron – negative; determines the charge; power of electricity

4. Size Nucleus: Protons + neutrons Protons = neutrons in size
Orbitals – electrons
Protons = electrons in charge,
electron size – tiny

5. Determining the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  Protons – is the atomic number
Electrons – is the atomic number
Neutrons –
Round the atomic mass number to the nearest ones.
Subtract the number of protons from the atomic mass

6. Periodic Table O 8 symbol Atomic number = # of protons, # of electrons
Oxygen
15.994
symbol
Atomic Mass = Protons + Neutrons
Element Name

7. On each piece of paper, please draw the circle below
On each piece of paper, please draw the circle below. Fill the paper with the drawing.
Please make each ring a different color.
Color in the center circle ONLY – use the same color as the line.

8. Use blue for protons, green for neutrons, and orange for electrons.
Used the punched holes to show oxygen on your drawing. For now, put the electrons anywhere on the outer 3 rings
Example: Oxygen
Protons: 8
Electrons: 8
Neutrons: 16 – 8 = 8 (not all elements will have the same number of neutrons as protons)
Use blue for protons, green for neutrons, and orange for electrons.

9. Practice: build the following atoms on your drawing.
Lithium – Li Aluminum – Al Sodium – Na Potassium – K Chlorine - Cl

10. Arranging the electrons
Note: This is a very simplified arrangement. You will get a more accurate one in chemistry. 2 electrons fit in the 1st (inner) level. 8 electrons fit in the 2nd level. 8 electrons fit in the 3rd level.

11. Please draw in where the electrons will go.

12. Now build the atoms with the electrons in the correct level.
Lithium – Li Aluminum – Al Sodium – Na Potassium – K Chlorine - Cl

13. Isotopes
I. All of the atoms of the same elements HAVE THE SAME # OF PROTONS II. An isotope has a different number of NEUTRONS THAT THE MOST COMMON. A. The most common is the number of neutrons in the atom that has the atomic mass rounded to the 1s.

14. Example