1. Africa South of the Sahara Today
Unit 8
Africa South of the Sahara Today
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2. I. Section I Living in Africa South of the Sahara Play Pump-
Children play on merry-go-round and pump water into tower at the same time!
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3. A. Agriculture Farming Methods & Export Crops
Farming is the main economic activity of this region
Subsistence Farming – most people do this
Shifting Farming – move every 2-3 years to find better soil
Sedentary Farming – most common in areas w/good soil
Commercial Farming – produce crops on a large scale
Cash Crops – palm oil, peanuts, cacao, sisal (used in rope)
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4. B. Logging & Fishing Forests cover almost 25% of this region
They are being destroyed rapidly
Why are these trees so important (especially in the southern hemisphere)?
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5. Commercial Fishing
Represents a small portion of economy
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6. C. Mining Resources Mining Wealth
South Africa – world’s largest producer of gold
Also produces gems & diamonds
Many mines are foreign owned or owned by rich white South Africans
Not much goes to the black mine workers
Watch the movie “Blood Diamonds” if possible!
An Imbalance of Riches
Poor government management of resources has not helped the people of those countries, but instead foreigners
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7. D. Industrialization Development of Manufacturing
Lack of infrastructure – resources needed to industrialize
What does this cause?
By the late 1990’s, only 15% of the region’s GDP came from manufacturing!
Overcoming Obstacles
Lack of skilled workers, power/energy, political conflicts/civil wars
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8. E. Transportation & Communications
Roads & Railroads
Lack of money, skilled workers, rough terrain, wars – all make it difficult to keep roads & railways in working order
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9. Communications Internet Commerce Mostly radio
TV & Telephones are limited
Internet Commerce
Some Africans are using the internet to sell their goods and make a living!
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10. People & Their Environment
II. Section II
People & Their Environment
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11. A. Shadow of Hunger
Today, many people in this region must focus on survival
Hunger is one of the biggest problems
In the 1990’s, many thousands of people died of starvation in the Horn of Africa – Somalia, Ethiopia, and Djibouti
Drought & wars contributed to the famine
Hunger Trouble Spots
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12. Desertification
The Sahel region once supported life and has now been effected by drought, people, and animals that have stripped this land
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13. A. (cont) Conflict & Hunger
War continues to be a major cause of famine
Since 1990 – Liberia, Sudan, Somalia, Rwanda
MAJOR WAR ISSUES currently occurring in Somalia and Sudan
Recent peace treaty between Ethiopia & Eritrea
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14. Still facing issues like drought, though
Farming & Peace
After Eritrea gained its independence in 1993, farmers in both countries have tried to improve the land
Still facing issues like drought, though
The sandals worn by the fighters of independence have become iconic. This monument in Asmara was erected in memoriam.
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15. B. Land Use Destruction of the Rain Forest
In 1990, rain forest = 1.5 billion acres
By 2000, 126 million acres had disappeared
How does this affect the people living there?
How does it affect us?
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16. Endangered Animals Depletion of rain forests destroys habitats
Many animals face extinction
Many animals are killed by poaching
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17. Conservation & Tourism
Game preserves built
Ecotourism introduced
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18. C. Toward the Future
This region is trying to work towards improvement for its plants, animals, & people
Make sure you read pgs !
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