1. Lecture Presentation
Chapter 17 Lipids
Karen C. Timberlake

2. Chapter 17 Lipids A clinical lipid specialist
assesses a patient’s current diet and exercise program.
diagnoses and determines treatment including dietary changes.
advises patients on the use of medications that lower lipid levels.

3. Chapter 17 Readiness
Core Chemistry Skills
Writing Equations for Hydrogenation, Hydration, and Polymerization (12.7)
Naming Alcohols and Phenols (13.1)
Naming Carboxylic Acids (16.1)
Hydrolyzing Esters (16.5)

4. 17.1 Lipids
Lipids are
biomolecules that contain fatty acids or a steroid nucleus.
soluble in organic solvents but not in water.
named for the Greek word lipos,
which means “fat.”
an important feature in cell membranes, fat-soluble vitamins, and steroid hormones.
Steroid Nucleus
Learning Goal Describe the classes of lipids.

5. Types of Lipids Lipids are characterized by their structures:
Lipids such as
waxes,
triacylglycerols,
glycerophospholipids, and
sphingolipids
are esters that can be hydrolyzed to give fatty acids and other molecules.

6. Lipids Containing Glycerol
Triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids contain the alcohol glycerol.

7. Lipids Containing Sphingosine
Sphingolipids contain the amino alcohol sphingosine.

8. Lipids Containing Sphingosine
Steroids, which have a completely different structure, do not contain fatty acids and cannot be hydrolyzed. They are characterized by the steroid nucleus of four fused carbon rings.

9. General Structure of Lipids
Lipids are naturally occurring compounds in cells and tissues. They are soluble in organic solvents but not in water.

10. Study Check
Lipids are characterized by presence of fatty acids or a steroid nucleus. Which type is described by the following?
A. contain a fused four-membered ring system
B. contain long carbon chains
C. include carboxyl groups

11. Solution
Lipids are characterized by presence of fatty acids or a steroid nucleus. Which type is described by the following?
A. contain a fused four-membered ring system
B. contain long carbon chains
C. include carboxyl groups
steroids
fatty acids

12. Study Check Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lipids?
A. may contain a carboxylic acid group
B. may contain a four-ring structure
C. soluble in water
D. mostly nonpolar

13. Solution Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lipids?
A. may contain a carboxylic acid group
B. may contain a four-ring structure
C. soluble in water
D. mostly nonpolar
The answer is C. Lipids are nonpolar and therefore are NOT soluble in water.