1. Georgia and the American Experience
Chapter 4:
Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony
Part 1
Study Presentation
This slide introduces Chapter 4, “Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony.”

2. Georgia and the American Experience
Section 1: An Age of Exploration
Section 2: English Settlement in the New World
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3. Section 1: An Age of Exploration
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What were the effects of the interactions of Europeans and Native Americans?
This is an essential question for this section of the chapter.

4. Section 1: An Age of Exploration
What words do I need to know?
middleman
monarch
colony

5. Section 1: An Age of Exploration
What people do I need to know?
Christopher Columbus
Hernando De Soto

6. Section 1: An Age of Exploration
What places do I need to know?
St. Augustine
Guale

7. Spain and the Age of Exploration
Columbus discovered San Salvador Island (part of today’s Bahamas) in 1492.
Columbus later explored the coasts of Central and South America and other Caribbean islands.
Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the South American coast in 1499; a mapmaker named the new land “America.”

8. Hernando De Soto Searches Georgia for Gold
In 1540, Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto, with hundreds of men, marched north from Tampa, Florida into southwest Georgia (near today’s Albany).
De Soto’s weapons, plated armor, and horses overwhelmed the Native Americans; thousands of American Indians in Georgia died, many from disease brought by the Spaniards.
The Spaniards marched across Georgia into South Carolina, but never found the gold they sought.

9. Spain’s Early Missions in Georgia
In 1566, Spain established missions on Georgia’s Cumberland Island and St. Catherine’s Island, called Santa Catalina. During the same century, posts were established at Sapelo and St. Simon’s Island.
The Spanish missionaries called the region Guale (pronounced “Wallie”) after the Guale Indians.
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10. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
What caused a rivalry between England and Spain in the New World?
This is an essential question for this section of the chapter.

11. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World
What words do I need to know?
mercantilism
indentured servant
slave
garrison

12. Section 2: English Settlement of the New World
What places do I need to know?
Jamestown, Virginia
Fort King George

13. English Settlements in the New World
The English established colonies on North America’s Atlantic coast throughout the 1600s. The goals of the colonists varied, from religious mission, gaining wealth to bettering their lives.
Great Britain wanted raw materials from the New World’s colonies, which it would manufacture into finished goods and sell to other countries. This was mercantilism.
By 1686, as the English colonies reached as far south as South Carolina, the Spanish retreated from Guale to St. Augustine, Florida. Great Britain wanted a “buffer” colony to protect the English colonists from Spanish Florida.

14. The English Influence in the Georgia Colony
The French began colonizing the Gulf coast and parts of Alabama. England began worrying about the French and Spanish threats to its colonial claims.
In 1721, the English established Fort King George at the mouth of the Altamaha River, near today’s Darien. The fort was a “warning point” for invaders from Spanish Florida. The fort was abandoned after six years.
Although Great Britain claimed Georgia in 1663, it didn’t begin making plans to settle the territory until 1717.
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