1. CHAPTER 18, LESSON 4 OVERVIEW NOTES: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

2. Glorious Revolution, three new
Growth of Constitutional Government
Following England’s 1688
Glorious Revolution, three new
political institutions arose in Britain:
Political parties called the Tories
(supported strong hereditary monarchy)
and the
Whigs (supported a weak
monarchy but strong Parliament) each
representing a small landowning group
of British
aristocracy

3. Prime Minister who was the leader of the majority party in Parliament
Cabinet system was a group of
advisers to the:
Prime Minister who was the leader
of the majority party in Parliament
and later as the chief official of the
British government
These institutions were part of the evolution
of Britain’s
constitutional government...
a government whose power is
defined and limited by
law

4. Hanover Dynasty royal power by: King George III of the British
Came to power anxious to reassert
royal power by:

5. choosing his own ministers dissolving the Cabinet system
ending Whig domination
choosing his own ministers
dissolving the Cabinet system
forcing Parliament to follow his will
tried to force English colonists in
North America to pay costs of own
defenses

6. The 13 Colonies

7. 18th century, the colonies were home to diverse religious and
By the mid-
18th century, the colonies were
home to diverse
religious and
ethnic groups
Colonists felt entitled to the same
rights as their English citizen-counterparts
Their colonial assemblies exercised much
control over local affairs

8. of New England and those in the South differed, but they shared common
Ways of life between the colonists
of New England and those in the
South differed, but they shared common
values:
Respect for individual enterprise
Increasing sense of their own identity
separate from that of Britain

9. representation” – If colonists were not represented in
Growing Discontent
Relations strained between colonists
and Britain by 1763
George III expected colonists to pay for
the Seven Years’ War
“No taxation without
representation” – If colonists were not represented in
Parliament, the British had no right to tax them
British troops fired on a crowd of colonists in the “Boston Massacre”
Colonists protested by dumping British
tea into Boston Harbor in the
Boston Tea Party

10. Continental Congress in Philadelphia;
Each colony sent representatives to a
Continental Congress in Philadelphia;
war broke out between Britain and the
colonists
The Second Continental Congress
declared independence from Britain and
issued the Declaration of
Independence on
July 4, 1776

11. -Articles of Confederation- 1781 -U.S. Constitution- 1789
A New Constitution
-Articles of Confederation- 1781
-U.S. Constitution- 1789

12. They provided for an elective legislature and an elected president
Reflected Enlightenment ideas:
Framers of the Constitution saw
government in
terms of a
social contract
They provided for an elective legislature
and an elected president

13. republic, with power divided between the federal government and the
The Constitution created a federal
republic, with power divided between
the federal government and the
states
The federal government was separated
among the
legislative, executive, and judicial branches
with each branch provided with
checks and balances on the other branches

14. The Bill of Rights

15. to the Constitution, recognized that people have basic
The Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments
to the Constitution, recognized that people
have basic
rights that the government must
protect

16. How much do you know about the Age of Enlightenment
How much do you know about the Age of Enlightenment? Clear your desks of all materials.

17. a limited constitutional monarch a tyrannical king
Thomas Hobbes claimed all people are greedy and selfish by nature. Therefore, they should be ruled by
an absolute ruler
a limited constitutional monarch
a tyrannical king
their own kind of legislative congress. A

18. The idea of unalienable rights was first suggested by Thomas Paine
Thomas Jefferson
John Locke
Voltaire C

19. Cromwell’s Protectorate Glorious Revolution King Charles I’s execution
Which of the following events would Thomas Hobbes have been most supportive of?
English Civil War
Cromwell’s Protectorate
Glorious Revolution
King Charles I’s execution B

20. To protect people’s freedoms of life, liberty, property
What was the purpose of Montesquieu’s idea for separating government’s powers into three branches?
To protect people’s freedoms of life, liberty, property
To protect people from quartering soldiers
To protect an absolute monarchy from civil war
To guarantee that documents like the Magna Carta would be followed A

21. C. Supreme Court Justices D. All of these
Which of the following is appointed for life in the American government?
Senators
Cabinet members
C. Supreme Court Justices
D. All of these c

22. Which of these branches makes the laws? legislative executive judicial
both A & B can make the laws A

23. Which of these was the reason why the 3rd Amendment was added to the U
Which of these was the reason why the 3rd Amendment was added to the U. S. Bill of Rights?
Washington
Paine
George III
Jefferson C

24. Rousseau’s The Social Contract advocated popular sovereignty
individual interests above all else
absolute monarchial power
a system of checks and balances A

25. Which of these was LEAST likely to contribute to the spread of enlightened ideas?
printing press
Catholic Church
cultural diffusion
Catherine the Great B

26. Which of these was not considered enlightened? Hanover King George III
Romanov Empress Catherine II
Hohenzollern King Frederick II
Virginian Thomas Jefferson A

27. Adam Smith was an economic reformer who: supported mercantilism
advocated a laissez faire policy
suggested the basis for socialism
all of these. B

28. Which of these dynasties did not partition Poland three times?
Hohenzollern
Hapsburg
Hanover
Romanov C

29. Thomas Jefferson, the main author of the
Declaration of Independence, was most
inspired by the enlightened thinker:
Benjamin Franklin
John Locke
Voltaire
Montesquieu B

30. The first European country to ally with the
American colonists’ fight against Britain
was:
Spain
Netherlands
England
France D

31. The Bill of Rights was added to the U.S. Constitution in:
1776
1789
1791
1798 C

32. The political party, the Tories, that developed in Britain:
represented the aristocracy
supported a strong hereditary monarchy
could serve in Parliament
all of these. D

33. British colonists in North America:
were elected to England’s Parliament
chose representatives to attend colonial assemblies
paid fewer taxes than their English counterparts
fought against Britain in the Seven Years’ War B

34. France in 1783 France in 1779 Britain in 1783 Britain in 1779
The treaty that ended the American Revolution was signed in:
France in 1783
France in 1779
Britain in 1783
Britain in 1779 A