1. Influence of N supply on fruit size and yield of two apple varieties
Mean of 11 years (fruit size) and 15 years (yield)
Lucas, 2002

2. Influence of N supply on fruit size of apple
[after Shear and Horsfall, 1952]
N dose per tree [g]
282
956 20 40 60 80
100
Fruit size
Share of fruits > 70 mm [%]
1. year
2. year

3. Influence of K and P supply on fruit size and yield of apple
Mean of 15 years (fruit size) and 21 years (yield)
Lucas, 2002

4. Physiological Ca deficiency
Angstl et al. 2003
Significance of fruit density (fruits/cm2 stem area) for the Ca and K concentration in the fruits (varieties ‚Gala‘ and ‚Elstar‘) 1
= farmer‘s practice
Reason: High growth rates at low fruit density

5. Relationship between cellulose content and fruit firmness of 17 apple varieties
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Firmness [Pound]
Cellulose content [%] r 2
= 0,64***
(after Kertesz et al., Food Res. 24, 1959)

6. Influence of leaf/fruit ratio and of foliar fertilisation on fruit firmness of apple 'Golden Delicious'
Treatment
Fruit firmness (N)
low
50,4
leaf/fruit ratio
medium
50,3
high
50,9
PKS foliar fertilisation
control
50,8
treated
Urea foliar fertilisation
49,1
42,0
(after Ferree and Cahoon, J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci 112, 1987)

7. Influence of N supply on the formation of structural and reserve carbohydrates
———: suboptimal to optimal N supply : high to excessive N supply
(Marschner, 1995)