1. Photosynthesis

2. Photosynthesis
Autotrophic Process: Plants and plant-like organisms make their energy (glucose) from sunlight.
Stored as carbohydrate in their bodies.
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight  C6H12O6 + 6O2

3. Why is Photosynthesis important?
Makes organic molecules (glucose) out of inorganic materials (water).
It begins all food chains/webs. Thus all life is supported by this process.
It also makes oxygen gas!!

4. Photosynthesis- start of all ecological food webs!

5. Photo-synthesis
means "putting together with light."
Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. Glucose is a kind of sugar.
Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.
Autotrophs make glucose and heterotrophs are consumers of it.

6. Plant Cells

7. Definitions
Stomata (stoma) – openings on the leaf surface, through which water and carbon dioxide can move
Stroma – the semi-fluid substance between the grana in chloroplasts which contains enzymes for some of the reactions of photosynthesis
Grana (granum) – stacks of membranes on which chlorophyll is located in chloroplasts
Thylakoid - a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts

9. Plant leaves have many types of cells!

10. Cuticle
Upper Epidermal Cells
Palisade parenchyma cells
Mesophyll Cells
Spongy parenchyma cells
Air Space
Lower Epidermal Cells
Guard Cells
Stoma

11. Stoma (plural = stomata) This opening is how plants exchange gases
Why are the stomata located on the underside of leaves?
What else moves through the stoma?

13. The photograph below is an elodea leaf X 400
The photograph below is an elodea leaf X 400. Individual cells are clearly visible. The tiny green structures within the cells are chloroplasts - this is where photosynthesis happens.                                    

14. Leaves are green because they contain
the pigment:
chlorophyll
Leaves have a large surface area to absorb as much light as possible

15. Chloroplasts make the sugars!

16. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Absorbing Light Energy to make chemical energy: glucose!
Pigments: Absorb different colors of white light (ROY G BIV)
Main pigment: Chlorophyll a
Accessory pigments: Chlorophyll b, c and d, carotenoids, phycobilins
These pigments absorb all wavelengths (light) BUT green!

17. Autumn Leaves
Carotenoids are red, orange and yellow pigments – usually masked by green chlorophyll
Deciduous trees withdraw their chlorophyll from their leaves which exposes the carotenoids
Phycobilins are blue-green and red
Where may phycobilins be found?

18. PHOTOSYNTHESIS Why do we see green?
Green color from white light reflected NOT absorbed
Chloroplast: organelle responsible for photosynthesis
Chlorophyll: located within Chloroplast
Green pigment