1. Toxicology

2. Pharmacodynamics
The study of changes caused by a drug on a person, and how a chemical can affect the internal functions of an organism.
Some bind to a molecule or cell. Some destroy tissues, or replace needed nutrients or vitamins
Lipitor e.g.
Chemotherapies

3. Pharmacokinetics How the body acts on the drug How body removes drug
Metabolites /effects on body
Metabolism variations
LIVER main site for metabolism
Enzymes as coded for different chemicals

4. Medicine or drug Difference? Medicines are natural or synthetic
Poisons-kill cells: called cytotoxins
Poisons can be drugs, drugs can be poisons
Bella donna e.g.

5. Would kill 50% of population Condition dependent
Lethal Dose value
LD 50 is Lethal Dose Value
Would kill 50% of population
Condition dependent
Varies from one segment of pop to another

6. Table 13. 2. 1. LD50 Values for various common chemical and drugs
Table LD50 Values for various common chemical and drugs. Substance LD50 *
Water 90,000
Sugar (Sucrose) 29,700
Table Salt (NaCl)
3,000 Aspirin Toxicity
1,750 Detergent
1,260 Ethanol
1,000 Morphine
500 Caffeine
200 Heroin
150 Lead
20 Cocaine
17.5 Cyanide
10 Nicotine
2 Strychnine
0.8 Batrachotoxin†
0.002 Tetanus
Botulina
LD50 values

7. Absorption
Inhalation
Ingestion
Mucus membrane contact
Injection- variety of types dependent on depth of injection- layer

8. Blood Brain Barrier and ?
What is it?
What role does it play in absorption or diffusion into brain?
Metabolism
Elimination

9. Corrosive poisons- acids, bases
Cyanide
Mercury
Arsenic
Dioxin
Nerve gas
Carbon monoxide

10. Cases
Who was Stella Nickell?
Napoleon death