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Apes exam review Part 2
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Consequences of global warming
Albedo Spread of Disease
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Decrease your contribution
Improve energy efficiency (cars, appliances, lights) Improve transportation efficiency ( walk, bike, public transportation) Eat less meat (lower trophic levels)
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Greenhouse gases
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Atmosphere profile
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Anthropogenic/Synthetic
Fill in the blank 12,500 Humans began agriculture approximately years ago. A man-made product is also known as The molecular formula for ozone is Anthropogenic/Synthetic O3
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Natural ozone depletion
UV + O2 O + O O + O2 O3 O3 O + O2 OVER AND OVER AGAIN!!
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CFC Destruction of ozone
UV + CFC Cl Cl + O3 O2 + ClO O + ClO O2 + Cl OVER AND OVER AGAIN!!
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HCFC Hydro – Chloro – Fluoro – Carbons
Close in structure to CFCs, but with an additional hydrogen. Refrigerant, VOC Shorter lifespan than CFCs and doesn’t release chlorine as easily
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Ecosystem components biotic abiotic Plants Animals bacteria Soil/rocks
Water air
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Biogeochemical cycles
Trait Carbon Importance to Life Building Blocks of 4 Major Macromolecules & Greenhouse Gases Largest Reservoir Rock Methods of Transport Gas, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Sediments, Fossil Fuels Cycle Duration Long
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Biogeochemical cycles
Trait Nitrogen Importance to Life Proteins, DNA, Primary Productivity in Plants Largest Reservoir Atmosphere Methods of Transport Fixation (lightning/bacteria), Nitrogen Fixation, Assimilation, Denitrification Cycle Duration Short
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Biogeochemical cycles
Trait Phosphorus Importance to Life ATP, DNA, Cell Membranes, & Bones and Teeth Largest Reservoir Rocks Methods of Transport NO ATMOSPHERE – Erosion, Soil, Producers Cycle Duration LONGEST
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Biogeochemical cycles
Trait Water Importance to Life Universal Solvent, Purifies, ESSENTIAL to Life Largest Reservoir Saltwater – Ocean Freshwater – Glaciers/Ice Caps Methods of Transport Precipitation, Evaporation, Transpiration, Surface Water Cycle Duration Short
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Photosynthesis/respiration
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Age of earth
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Zebra mussel Takes over an area Reproduces rapidly Invasive Species
Not native Invasive Species
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Galapagos tortoise Habitat in one area Prone to extinction
Endemic Species
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American alligator Foundation species Creates new habitats
Keystone Species
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Tiger salamander Early indicators of environmental stress
Indicator Species
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Norway rat Broad niche Generalist Species Reproduce in high numbers
R-strategist Generalist Species
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Giant panda Narrow niche Specialist Species More prone to extinction
K-strategist Specialist Species
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definitions Biodiversity: variety of life, genetic, species and ecosystem diversity Biome: terrestrial/aquatic areas with similar climate, animals & plants Climate, Geography, Plant species
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World map – latitude lines
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World map – mid-Atlantic ridge
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World map – el nino
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World map – china Most Populous Country
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2nd Most Populous Country
World map – India 2nd Most Populous Country Site of Bhopal
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Controls the Nile. Diverts a LOT of it for Agriculture.
World map – Ethiopia Controls the Nile. Diverts a LOT of it for Agriculture.
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World map – Brazil Amazon Rainforest
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Largest Delta in the WORLD! = Largest Estuary
World map – Bangladesh Largest Delta in the WORLD! = Largest Estuary
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Biomes – tropical rainforest
Location: Tropics Climate: temp, precip Characteristics: Plants: Dense Canopy Animals: chimpanzee, toucan
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Biomes – temperate deciduous forest
Location: temperate lat. Climate: Defined seasons, moderate rainfall Characteristics: Plants: Deciduous Animals: hawk, deer, fox
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Biomes – taiga (boreal) forest
Location: northern lat. Climate: Temp, precip Characteristics: Plants: conifers Animals: moose, lynx, bears
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Biomes – Tropical Grasslands/Savanna
Location: Tropics Climate: ↑ Temps, rain/dry Characteristics: Plants: tall grasses, trees Animals: Lions, Giraffes, Elephants
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Biomes – Temperate Grasslands/prairie
Location: temperate lat. Climate: Defined seasons, moderate rainfall Characteristics: Plants: short grass prairie Animals: prairie dogs, rabbits
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Biomes – Tundra Location: polar lat. Climate: ↓ temp, ↓ precip.
Characteristics: Plants: lichen, permafrost Animals: polar bear, seal
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Biomes – desert Location: all latitudes
Climate: LOWest precipitation, temp depends on latitude Characteristics: Plants: succulents (cacti) Animals: lizards, underground
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Cultural eutrophication
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Ocean acidification
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