1. 論文作者：林三賢教授 廖振程博士 報告者：吳志偉 指導老師：陳正宗 終身特聘教授
科技論文寫作 期末報告 PERMANENT STRAINS OF PILES IN SAND DUE TO CYCLIC LATERAL LOADS
論文作者：林三賢教授 廖振程博士
報告者：吳志偉
指導老師：陳正宗 終身特聘教授

2. Abstract strain superposition
The soil properties, types of pile installation, cyclic loading types, pile embedded length, and pile/soil relative stiffness ratio are important factors .
These factors are quantified by means of a factor, t, which is derived from the results of 20 full-scale pile load tests and then verified using 6 additional full-scale pile load tests.

3. Introduction
The model of a beam on a Winkler-type foundation is often used for analysis of piles subjected to lateral loads.
The linear soil-reaction modulus or nonlinear p-y curves are generally used to simulate soil response.
If the pile is embedded in sand, a coefficient of soil reaction multiplied by the embedded length of the pile below the ground surface.
However, in addition to static lateral loading, wind, waves, earth pressures, and water pressures may place cyclic lateral loads on pile-supported structures.
strain superposition → predicting the pile-permanent horizontal displacement
Pile types and materials, methods of installation, soil density, and cyclic load characteristics are all included in the table. Load-controlled tests were conducted for all the reference data.

4. MODEL FOR DETERMINING CYCLIC, VARIABLE AMPLITUDE LATERAL-LOADING EFFECTS
做了以下假設：
The pile is assumed to have linear elastic response.
Cyclic lateral loads are applied at the head of the pile.
The frequency of load application is assumed to be low enough.(可忽略高頻率之下的慣性力)
During one two-way cycle lateral load, Long and Vanneste (1994) described the behavior of the pile for four phases.

5. Effect of Number of Lateral Load Cycles on CyclicStrain

6. Effect of Number of Lateral Load Cycles on CyclicStrain

7. Effect of Number of Lateral Load Cycles on CyclicStrain

8. Strain Superposition

9. Thanks for your attention！
簡報結束
Thanks for your attention！