1. Federalist Paper No. 10
James Madison

2. Guiding Questions: To be completed as you read
1. What complaints are too often heard in the states even though they have enviable constitutions?
2. How does Madison define factions? Is this the way you have heard the word used before?
3. What are the two ways of “curing the mischiefs of faction”?
4. What metaphor does Madison use to convey the message that abolishing liberty should not be done to try to stop the causes of factions?
5. Does Madison believe that the causes of Faction should be stopped? Why or why not?
6. What prevents a faction from becoming a problem if they are less than a majority?
7. What two differences are there between a pure democracy and a republic?
8. What is the effect of the first difference? What does he say about the federal constitution’s role in this?
9. What is the effect of the second difference? What does he say about how the size of the US can be an advantage in suppressing the effects of faction?

3. What complaints are too often heard?
Government is too unstable
It does not recognize the rights of the minority factions
How does Madison define factions? Is this the way you have heard this word used before?
A number of citizens who are united by a passion or common interest
Two ways of curing the mischiefs of factions
Destroying the liberty which is essential to their existence
Giving to every citizen the same passions/interests

4. 4. What metaphor does Madison use to convey the message that abolishing liberty should not be done to try to stop the causes of factions?
“Liberty is to faction what air is to fire” - without liberty factions would go away
5. Does Madison believe that the causes of faction should be stopped? Why or why not?
He believes they cannot be stopped, they are inherent based on religion, culture, socioeconomic status, property ownership, etc. There is relief in controlling the effects of factions.

5. 6. What prevents a faction from becoming a problem if they are less than a majority?
Majority can defeat them through a vote
7. What two differences are there between a pure democracy and republic?
Delegation of the government, greater number of citizens and greater sphere of country it can be spread over

6. 8. What is the effect of the 1st different and what does he say about the federal constitution’s role?
Refine the views of the public through a chosen body whose wisdom may determine the interest of the people, more in concert with the public good
9. What is the effect of the 2nd difference? What does he say about the size of the US?
Republic can have a greater number of states, it is harder for the majority to oppress the minority factions