1. Gardner’s Art Through the Ages, 13e
Chapter 23
Northern Europe and Spain,
1500 to 1600

2. Europe in the 16th Century

3. An altarpiece For a hospital By a friend of Martin Luther..
Figure 23-2a MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD, Isenheim Altarpiece (closed, top; open, bottom), from the chapel of the Hospital of Saint Anthony, Isenheim, Germany, ca.1510–1515. Oil on wood, 9' 9 1/2” x 10’ 9”, (center panel), 8’ 2 1/2” x 3’ 1/2” (each wing), 2’ 5 1/2” x 11’ 2” (predella). Shrine carved by Nikolaus Hagenauer in Painted and gilt limewood, 9’ 9 1/2” x 10’ 9”. Musée d’Unterlinden, Colmar.

4. Figure 23-2a MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD, Isenheim Altarpiece (closed, top; open, bottom), from the chapel of the Hospital of Saint Anthony, Isenheim, Germany, ca.1510–1515. Oil on wood, 9' 9 1/2” x 10’ 9”, (center panel), 8’ 2 1/2” x 3’ 1/2” (each wing), 2’ 5 1/2” x 11’ 2” (predella). Shrine carved by Nikolaus Hagenauer in Painted and gilt limewood, 9’ 9 1/2” x 10’ 9”. Musée d’Unterlinden, Colmar.

5. Figure 23-7 LUCAS CRANACH THE ELDER, Allegory of Law and Grace, ca
Figure LUCAS CRANACH THE ELDER, Allegory of Law and Grace, ca Woodcut, 10 5/8” x 1’ 3/4”. British Museum, London.

6. Figure 23-3 HANS BALDUNG GRIEN, Witches’ Sabbath, 1510
Figure 23-3 HANS BALDUNG GRIEN, Witches’ Sabbath, Chiaroscuro woodcut, 1’ 2 7/8” X 10 ¼”. British Museum, London.

7. Albrecht Durer: “Leonardo of the North”
Travelled widely through Europe and became an international celebrity
Took trips to Italy to study Renaissance art
First artist to synthesize Northern European stylistic features (intricate detail, realistic rendering of objects, symbols hidden as everyday objects) and blend them with Italian features (classical body types, linear perspective) --- admired the work of Leonardo
First artist to keep a thorough record of his life (self-portraits, treatises on his thoughts, and a diary)
Important graphic artist --- best known for his engravings
Influenced significantly by Martin Luther and Protestant Reformation

8. Supremacy in recording The natural sciences To further illusions….
Durer relies on the
Eyes as did
Leonardo…seems
Supremacy in recording
The natural sciences
To further illusions….
Figure ALBRECHT DÜRER, Great Piece of Turf, Watercolor, 1’ 3/4” x 1’ 3/8”. Albertina, Vienna.

9. Figure 23-1 ALBRECHT DÜRER, The Fall of Man (Adam and Eve), 1504
Figure ALBRECHT DÜRER, The Fall of Man (Adam and Eve), Engraving, 9 7/8” x 7 5/8”. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (centennial gift of Landon T. Clay).

11. Figure 23-5 ALBRECHT DÜRER, Knight, Death, and the Devil, 1513
Figure ALBRECHT DÜRER, Knight, Death, and the Devil, Engraving, 9 5/8” x 7 3/8”. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

12. Figure 23-6 ALBRECHT DÜRER, Four Apostles, 1526
Figure ALBRECHT DÜRER, Four Apostles, Oil on wood, each panel 7’ 1” x 2’ 6”. Alte Pinakothek, Munich.

13. Figure 23-8 ALBRECHT ALTDORFER, The Battle of Issus, 1529
Figure ALBRECHT ALTDORFER, The Battle of Issus, Oil on wood, 5’ 2 1/4” x 3’ 11 1/4”. Alte Pinakothek, Munich.

14. Figure 23-9 HANS HOLBEIN THE YOUNGER, The French Ambassadors, 1533
Figure HANS HOLBEIN THE YOUNGER, The French Ambassadors, Oil and tempera on wood, approx. 6’ 8” x 6’ 9 1/2”. National Gallery, London.