1. Alexander Vasiliev on behalf of the PANDA Collaboration
Status of PANDA at FAIR
Alexander Vasiliev
on behalf of the PANDA Collaboration

2. 1. Introduction: FAIR, HESR & PANDA
Content of the report
1. Introduction: FAIR, HESR & PANDA
(FAIR – Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)
(HESR – High Energy Storage Ring)
(PANDA– antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt)
2. Physics program of PANDA
3. PANDA detector
4. Schedule of PANDA
5. Conclusion

3. Collecting Accumulating Precooling
SIS 100/300
50 MeV
SIS18
p-Linac
30 GeV Protons
HESR
Cu Target GeV
pbar production :
proton Linac 50 MeV
accelerate p in SIS18/SIS100
produce pbar on target
collect pbar in CR,
cool in RESR (not in Start Version)
inject pbar into HESR
PANDA
Accelerating
Cooling
RESR/CR
Collecting Accumulating Precooling
100m

4. HESR - High Energy Storage Ring
EXP
Injection of p at 3.7 GeV
Storage ring for internal target operation
Mode
High Resolution
High Luminosity
Momentum range
Stored antiprotons
Luminosity
Mom. Resol. (rms)
Beam cooling
GeV/c
1010
2·1031 cm-2s-1
p/p ≤ 4·10-5
Electron ( ≤ 8.9 GeV/c)
1.5 – 15 GeV/c
1011
2·1032 cm-2s-1
p/p = 1·10-4
Stochastic ( ≥ 3.8 GeV/c)

5. Experiment performed at FAIR facility, near GSI, in Darmstadt, Germany
antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt
Experiment performed at FAIR facility, near GSI, in Darmstadt, Germany
A very high intensity p beam with momentum from 1.5 GeV/c up to15 GeV/c on a proton fixed target (or nuclear target), average interaction rate 20 MHz, s from 2.25 up to 5.46 GeV
It will continue and extend the successful physics program performed in the past at facilities like LEAR at CERN and the antiproton accumulator ring at FNAL

6. Physics Program of PANDA
Physics program is aimed at finding new forms of matter in the interactions of antimatter with matter.
Some specific parts of the program are as follows: - search for exotic particles such as glueballs and hybrids;
- spectroscopy of charmonium states mostly above the threshold for pair D-anti-D-mesons, however below the threshold as well (study h_c width etc.);
- study hyper-nuclei (including - double) and charm-nuclei, when the strange (one or two) or charmed particle "implanted" into the nuclei instead of the usual nucleon;
study electromagnetic form factors of proton;
etc.

7. Benefit of antiproton annihilation
In electron-positron annihilations direct particle formation is possible only for the states with the quantum numbers J(PC) = 1 (--)

8. Positronium Charmonium ψ’’ ψ’ η’c χ2 hc χ1 χ0 ψ ηc
Dissociation energy 7
1000
23S1
900 6
23P2
n = 2
21P1
800
ψ’’
23P1 5
23S1
23P0
700 ψ’
Relative energy (eV)
600
η’c
DD threshold 4
23S1
Relative energy (MeV) hc χ2
23P2
500
23S1 3 χ1
23P1
400
21P1
300 χ0
bound states 2
23P0
200 1
n = 1
13S1
100 ψ
13S0 ηc
13S1
–100
13S0
L = 0
L = 1
L = 0
L = 1
Singlet T
riplet
Singlet T
riplet
Singlet T
riplet
Singlet T
riplet
0.1 nm e+ e−
1 fm c

9. The glueball spectrum from LQCD calculations

10. X and Y mesons
X(4160)
Belle
Belle
X(3872)
Y(4260)
Belle
Y(4008)?
X(3872)
BK ωJ/ψ
Y(3940)
Belle
M(ωJ/ψ)
Y(4350) & Y(4660)
Belle
X(3940)
e+e-DD*J/ψ
Belle
CDF
BaBar
M(ωJ/ψ)
BaBar
So, the clear picture of quark-antiquark states is disturbed

11. BELLE 7σ Z+ (4430) - a new state of matter
(tetraquark?) decaying into π+ψ’
BELLE 7σ
PRL 100, (2008) arXiv:  [hep-ex]
And how exotic the picture might be we see with the state Z+ discovered by the BELLE collaboration
Γ = ( (stat) (syst)) GeV −
M = (4.433 ± (stat) ± (syst)) GeV

12. PANDA: pp ➛ Z+(4430) + π− ↵
ψ(2S)π+ → J/ψ π+π−

13. Detector requirements
antiproton momentum: from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c
Lmax ~2 · 1032 cm-2s-1 ,
high rate capability: 2 · 107 s-1 interactions
nearly 4p solid angle for PWA
p±, K±, p±, e±, m±, g identification
displaced vertex detection –
vertex info for D, KS, ,  (c = 317 m for D±)
photon detection from 10 MeV to 10 GeV
efficient event selection & good momentum resolution

14. PANDA Detector Target Spectrometer Forward Spectrometer Dipole Magnet
Nach vorne wiederholt sich das Konzept, um auch kleine Winkel abdecken zu koennen.

15. Superconducting Solenoid
Central field 2.0 T
Field homogeneity ≤2%
Norm. radial field integral ≤2 mm
Inner bore 1.9 m
Cold mass parameters
Length 2.7 m
Energy 20 MJ
Current A
Weight 4.5 t
Cable cross section 3.4 × 2 mm2
Current density 59 A/mm
Yoke parameters
Length 4.9 m
Outer radius m
Iron layers 13
Total weight 300 t

16. Micro Vertex Detector Target 4 3 2 Beam 1 5 6 r / mm rmax = 150 mm
135 95 25 55 20 40 70
100
160
230
-170
-230
z / mm
6 disk layers
4 barrel layers
Silicon detectors:
Hybrid pixel detectors (11 M channels)
Double-sided microstrip detectors (200k ch.)

17. Central Straw Tube Tracker
4580 Straw tubes
Al-mylar: d=27µm, =10mm, L=1500 mm
21-27 planar layers in 6 hexagonal sectors
8 layers skewed (3D reconstruction)
Time readout (isochrone radius)
Amplitude readout (dE/dx)
srf ~ 150 mm, sz ~ 3.0 mm
p ~ 1-2% at B=2Tesla

18. Central EMC Barrel Calorimeter 11360 PWO Crystals APD readout, 2x1cm2
Forward Endcap
4000 PWO crystals
High occupancy in center
APD or VPT
Backward Endcap for hermeticity, 560 PWO crystals

19. Energy resolution of 3x3 PWO prototype with photomultiplier-readout

20. Large Aperture Dipole
2Tm for particles scattered in 0 – 10o (5o vertical)
Allows momentum resolution <1%
Large aperture (1x3m) and short length (2.5m)
Ramping capability due to lamination
Field integral Tm
Bending variation ≤ ±15%
Vertical Acceptance ±5°
Horizontal Acceptance ±10°
Ramp speed %/s
Total dissipated power 360 kW
Total Inductance H
Stored energy MJ
Weight t
Dimensions (H × W × L) × 5.3 × 2.5 m3
Gap opening (H × W) − 1.01 × 3.10 m2

21. Forward Tracker 6 Tracking stations: 2 before,
2 inside and 2 after dipole magnet
based on 1 cm pressure
stabilized straw tubes
Each tracking station contains
four double-layers:
two with vertical straws
two tilted by ±5°
Angular acceptance:
±5º vertically, ±10º horizontally
Momentum acceptance:
down to ~2% of pbeam
Momentum resolution: ~0.5%

22. Forward Shashlik-type Calorimeter
380 layers of 0.3-mm lead and 1.5-mm scintillator, total length 680 mm
Transverse size 55x55 mm2
Light collection: 36 fibers BCF-91A (1.0 mm)
PMT as a photodetector
LED for each module as a light monitoring system
Optical fiber for each cell for a precise PMT gain monitoring
Detector size: ~3,6m x 2,2 m
(54x28 cells)

23. Dependence of Energy Resolution on energy
σE /E = a/E  b/√E  c [%], E in GeV
Experiment data and MC fit:
a = 3.5 ± a = 3.3 ± 0.1
b = 2.8 ± b = 3.1 ± 0.1
c = 1.3 ± c = 1.2 ± 0.1
Good agreement with MC (with a residual momentum spread of 2.4% introduced to get linear term)

24. Other Sub-detectors of PANDA
Target spectrometer:
barrel and forward DIRC
barrel TOF (scintillator tiles)
muon system (in solenoid)
Forward spectrometer:
TOF (scintillator strips)
muon system (at the end of set-up)

25. from 55 institutions of 17 countries
Collaboration
• At present a group of 460 physicists
from 55 institutions of 17 countries
Austria – Belarus- China - France - Germany – India - Italy – The Nederlands - Poland – Romania - Russia – Spain - Sweden – Switzerland - Thailand - U.K. – U.S.A..
Basel, Beijing, Bochum, BARC Bombay, IIT Bombay, Bonn, Brescia, IFIN Bucharest, IIT Chicago, AGH Krakow, IFJ PAN Krakow, JU Krakow, Krakow UT, Edinburgh, Erlangen, Ferrara, Frankfurt, Genoa, Giessen, Glasgow, GSI, FZ Jülich, JINR Dubna, Katowice, KVI Groningen, Lanzhou, LNF, LNL, Lund, Mainz, Minsk, ITEP Moscow, MPEI Moscow, TU München, Münster, Northwestern, BINP Novosibirsk, IPN Orsay, Pavia, IHEP Protvino, PNPI St.Petersburg, KTH Stockholm, Stockholm, SUT, INFN Torino, Torino, Torino Politecnico, Trieste, TSL Uppsala, Tübingen, Uppsala, Valencia, SINS Warsaw, TU Warsaw, SMI Wien

26. Schedule of
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
experiment
commissioning
installation at FAIR
pre-assembly
mass production
R&D
TDR
FAIR

27. Conclusions
PANDA experiment will have a great potential for discovery in addition to the LHC at a relatively high-energy antiprotons and, at the same time, due to the energy scan mode will determine the width of the resonances with an accuracy of a linear collider.
Studies will be performed at the antiproton beam storage ring with a stochastic and electron cooling (HESR) with energy up to 15 GeV. Expected to record in the world of pure intensity antiproton beam that provides up to 2х107 interactions on the target per second.
In addition to high-intensity, beam of antiprotons would be unprecedented in the degree of monochromatic, the expected level of p/p down to 10-5 , which will allow the study of strong interactions with high precision.
PANDA detector is created using the most modern technology and provides a registration and identification of neutral and charged particles to nearly the full solid angle and energy range up to 15 GeV.
A commissioning of PANDA and the first data taking is planned for 2018.