1. Appendix 3
Spartan Government

2. Oligarchy is a form of government in which all power
is vested in a few persons or in a dominant
class or clique; government by the few.
Government in which a small group of people are in charge.
The Textbook

4. Sparta

5. Sparta 8th century BCE, Spartans are starving
Take over neighbor Messenia’s fertile lands
640 BC Messenia revolts, Spartans almost destroyed, but still retain control of land
650 BC Lycurgus takes power
Converts Sparta into a Military State with Oligarchy
Spartan way of life drastically changed
Spartans become a people dedicated solely to warfare

6. Social Structure of Sparta
Spartiates:
Spartan Men, warriors, full citizenship, full rights
Peroci
Foreigners brought in for their crafts and what they provide to community, partial citizenship and rights
Eg. Blacksmiths, Carpenters
Helots
Slaves, no freedom, no rights

7. Spartan Government Two Kings Ephors (Five Overseers)
Duties: Religious, Judicial (limited), Military
Ephors (Five Overseers)
Elected, one year term, day to day, civil and criminal cases, most powerful branch
Gerousia (Council/Senate)
28 men over the age of 60 (plus 2 kings), duty was to provide wisdom and suggest laws to be voted on
Apella (Assembly)
All Spartan Citizens (Spartiates) over 30, only purpose was to vote on suggested laws (could not suggest laws)