1. Sentence Structures

2. Parts of speech
ARTICLES: a, an, and the. NOUN: the name of anything, As: school or garden, toy, or swing.

3. Parts of Speech
ADJECTIVES tell the kind of noun, As: great, small, pretty, white, or brown. VERBS tell of something being done: To read, write, count, sing, jump, or run.

4. Parts of Speech
ADVERBS: How things are done, As: slowly, quickly, badly, well. CONJUNCTIONS: join the words together, As: men and women, wind or weather.  

5. Parts of Speech PREPOSITION: before A noun as: in or through a door.
INTERJECTION: show surprise As: Oh, how pretty! Ah! how wise! .

6. Exercise
He is a friend of mine.
Helen works late every day.
Tom and Jerry looked tired.

7. Parts of the sentence Subject Noun Object Noun Verb
Complement: adjective adverb noun
Adverb
John carefully searched the room.
His brother grew happier gradually.

8. Five Basic Sentence Patterns
Subject + V. Intransitive.
Subject + V. Linking + Subjective Complement
Subject + V. Transitive + Direct Object
Subject + V. Transitive + Indirect Object + Direct Object
Subject + V. Transitive + Object + Objective Complement

9. Subject + V. Intransitive (+Adverb)
The boy runs (fast).
The girls dance (crazily).
Jeff sleeps (well).
The boy wearing a red jacket runs fast.
The boy wearing a red jacket runs over the bridge without stop.
The boy who wears a red jacket runs over the bridge without stop.

10. Subject + V. Linking + Subjective Complement
Link verbs: Be, seem, appear, prove, remain, continue, turn, grow, become, look, smell, taste, feel, sound
The boy is an athlete.
The performer seemed nervous.
I am in the classroom.
The performer on the stage seemed nervous.

11. Subject + V. Transitive + Direct Object
The boy plays a game of tennis.
The girls join a dance club.
Jeff likes exotic dancers.
Because of the encouragement of their teacher, the girls join a dance club.

12. Subject + V. Transitive + Indirect Object + Direct Object
Verbs: allow, assign, ask, tell, write, send, show, pay, grant, etc.
Kenneth gives his parents pride.
Stacy grants Neil his wish.
Eugene promises Linda happiness and security.
After winning the Nobel Prize, Kenneth gives his parents pride.

13. Subject + V. Transitive + Object + Objective Complement
Verbs: make, find, think, keep, consider, elect, appoint, and name, etc.
The parents consider the boy a smart kid.
We appointed Jason to be our representative.
Students thought his punishment severe.
Students thought his punishment, extra homework on math, severe.

14. Sentence analysis She saw that it rained all day. (O)
He had given the girl an apple.
(Od)
The girl is now a student at a university.
(SC)
They make him the chairman every year.
(OC)

15. Exercises
The Psychologists have developed many different kinds of tests.
Does this bus go downtown?
The flowers smell good.
I considered Mary my idol.
The children played very well without adult supervision.
Eugene promises Linda happiness and security. C A B E A D