1. Global Interdependence
Chapter 20

2. Terms & Names
20.1- International Space Station, Internet, genetic engineering, cloning, green revolution
20.2- developed nation, emerging nation, global economy, free trade, ozone layer, sustainable growth

3. Terms & Names
20.3- proliferation, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, political dissent, gender inequality, AIDS, refugee
20.4- terrorism, cyberterrorism, Dept. Homeland Security, USA Patriot Act
20.5- popular culture, materialism

4. Impact of Science and Technology
1950s- US and USSR competed in space exploration
Satellites, mammals and humans in orbit
1960s- US surpassed USSR
Man on the moon in 1969
This emphasis on science and technology led to new products that changed life for everyone

5. Space Exploration 1972- US and USSR began cooperating on a project
Dock 2 spacecrafts together while in orbit
1975- the spacecrafts docked
1980s- astronauts from 11 different countries have been put in orbit

6. Space Exploration
1998- US and 15 other countries begin assembling the International Space Station
Since the 1970s, unmanned probes have explored different regions of space
Planets, our sun and other stars, nebulae, supernovae, black holes and and galaxies

8. Video Review Questions
What was the name of the first man-made satellite to orbit the Earth?
Who was the first human in space?
Who was the first American to orbit the Earth?
What president declared that America will land on the moon by the end of the 60s?

9. Global Communications
Since the 1960s satellites have orbited Earth and aided in global communications
These communications have turned the world into a global village rather than a collection of separate countries
People halfway around the world can watch a live feed of what others are doing

10. Rise of Computers
When the first computers came out in the 1940s, they were the size of a huge room.
Needed their own air conditioning systems
Began to reduce in size because of the space race of the 50s and 60s
Technology had to fit into
the space capsules

12. Video Review Questions
How did the first computers store information?
What modern day conveniences came about because of computer technology?

13. Just For Fun

14. Communication Networks
1990s- businesses and people began using the internet
The internet began in the 60s as a method of linking scientists to exchange research
By 2002, more than 600 million people were connected to the Internet
The spread of the Internet has helped to improve the quality of life, but it has caused other issues.

15. Homework Watch/Listen to a news broadcast
select a story that is talked about
Answer the following questions:
What was the topic?
What channel/station broadcasted the story?
How long was the story discussed?
Do you think this is an important topic? Why/why not?
Did the reporter give his/her own opinion at any time?

16. Transforming Human Life
Computer advances have improved the quality of life all over the world
Emergence of lasers, microscopes, ultrasounds, MRIs, CAT scans, microsurgery

17. Genetic Engineering
Genes- hereditary units found in the cells of organisms, responsible for specific traits
Genetic engineering allows scientists to introduce new genes into an organism
Why alter the organism:
resistant to infection
brighter colors, more appealing
longer shelf-life
more food produced
Examples of foods

18. Cloning Create identical copies of already successful organisms
A branch of genetic engineering
Should we clone animals and people? What might some dangers be?

19. The Green Revolution
1960s- agricultural scientists began a campaign to increase food production
use of fertilizers and pesticides
developing high-yield, disease-resistant crops
helped to avert famines, but the pesticides and fertilizers caused cancer and polluted waterways
The typical peasant farmer was not able to afford the chemicals anyway

20. Modernizing the Green Revolution
rather than adding possibly dangerous chemicals to the field, scientists are finding ways to incorporate desired traits into the plants
disease resistance
able to grow in poor soil

21. Technology and the Economy
An explosion in knowledge usually creates a boom in the economy
plastics
computers
A few companies begin with the new technology, then new companies begin to innovate on the design (smaller, cheaper, higher quality, etc)

22. New Economies
An expansion of economies led to an increase of production of goods and services
Manufacturing jobs began to move from developed nations to emerging nations
workers willing to fill manufacturing jobs and work for less money
Information industries grew in developed nations
more educated workers, easier access to technology

23. Multinational Corporations
Companies that operate in a number of countries
Exxon Mobil, General Motors, BP, Toyota
These companies have manufacturing bases in multiple countries
Buy goods from one country
Manufacture the goods in another
Sell them in others

24. Free Trade Globalization seeks to get rid of trading barriers
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades (GATT)
countries agree to lower tariffs and expand free trade

25. Trade Blocs
EU- European Union, a group of countries with tariff-free trading
incredibly successful
now includes former Soviet countries
NAFTA- North American Free Trade Agreement
trade agreement between US, Canada and Mexico
inspired by the EU
New trade blocs are being formed in Asia, Africa, Latin America and South Pacific

26. Pros and Cons of Globalization

27. Impact of Global Development

28. 20.1 Terms and Names
International Space Station - cooperative venture sponsored by the US, Russia and 14 other nations to establish and maintain a working laboratory for scientific experimentation in space
Internet - linkage of computer networks that enables people to exchange information and communicate with one another

29. 20.1 Terms and Names
Genetic Engineering - the transferring of genes from one living thing to another in order to produce and organism with new traits
Cloning - the creation of plants or animals that are genetically identical to an existing plant or animal
Green Revolution- a 20th century attempt to increase food resources worldwide, involving the use of fertilizers and pesticides and the development of disease-resistant crops

30. 20.2 Terms & Names
developed nation- a nation with all of the facilities needed for the advanced production of manufactured goods
emerging nation- a nation in which the process of industrialization is not yet complete
global economy- all the financial interactions- involving people, businesses and governments- that cross international boundaries

31. 20.2 Terms & Names
free trade- commerce between nations without economic restrictions or barriers (such as tariffs)
ozone layer- a layer of Earth's upper atmosphere, which protects living things from the sun's damaging ultraviolet rays
sustainable growth- economic development that meets people's needs but preserves the environment and conserves resources for future generations

32. 20.3 Terms & Names
Proliferation- a growth or spread- especially the spread of nuclear weapons to nations that do not currently have them
Universal Declaration of Human Rights- a 1948 statement in which the United Nations declared that all human beings have rights to life, liberty and security
political dissent- the difference of opinion over political issues

33. 20.3 Terms & Names
Gender Inequality- the difference between men and women in terms of wealth and status
AIDS- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome- a disease that attacks the immune system, leaving the body open to dangerous infections
Refugee- a person who leaves his or her country to move to another to find safety

34. 20.4 Terms & Names
Terrorism- the use of force or threats to frighten people or governments to change their policies
Cyberterrorism- politically motivated attacks on information systems

35. 20.4 Terms & Names
Dept. Homeland Security- US federal agency created in 2002 to coordinate national efforts against terrorism
USA Patriot Act- an antiterrorism bill of 2001 that strengthened governmental rights to detain foreigners suspected of terrorism and prosecute terrorist crimes

36. 20.5 Terms & Names
popular culture- the cultural elements- sports, music, movies, clothing etc- that reflects a group's common background and changing interests
Materialism- a placing of high value on acquiring material possessions