Adventure Tourism & Ecotourism

Adventure Tourism & Ecotourism
Adventure & Ecotourism Technology Applications By Kaitlyn Hoang & David Loo

Management Plans of Parks Canada
Parks of Canada – Management Plans: Government organization that is suppose to manage natural spaces of Canada Focus is from using to sustaining How to sustain it? Native intact Biodiversity is different kinds of life Ecosystem processes is water cycle, carbon cycle. Emphasis is moving from use to maintenance and protection. Government organization that is suppose to manage natural spaces of Canada

Management Plans of Parks Canada
Challenged with maintaining the integrity of parks’ ecosystems which is defined as: Having their native components intact Biodiversity (different kinds of life) Ecosystem processes (water cycle, carbon cycle) Parks of Canada – Management Plans: Government organization that is suppose to manage natural spaces of Canada Focus is from using to sustaining How to sustain it? Native intact Biodiversity is different kinds of life Ecosystem processes is water cycle, carbon cycle.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada
Crown Lands Much of our Canadian wilderness is Crown Land (which is land that is owned by the government but the Queen is the official land owner). Most adventure tourism occurs on Crown land Province of British Columbia 92% is provincial Crown land 1% is federal Crown land 5% is privately owned 2% covered by water Most Crown Land was previously owned by the Aboriginals. Crown Lands: Something that is owned by the government, called Crown Land because the Queen is the officially the land owner. Most adventure ecotourism are Crown Land: 92% provincial Crown Land 1% is federal Crown Land 5% is privately owned 2% covered by water Most Crown Land is previously owned by the First Nations/ Aboriginals Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Stressors Stressors are any event that causes the alteration or demise of a species. External stressors: building of roads, establishment of businesses, increased use of land by people. Oil spills Construction of pipe line Stressors: Something that causes a negative change on the environment. Example of external stressors: is an oil spill construction of pipe line increase of land usage by people

Stressors Fragmentation is areas broken up in to pieces. Habitat loss for bears Harder to mate because of roads in between the males and females. Food chain/ ecosystem: Disappearance of top predators impacts whole food chain. Wolds relocating or killed causes the rabbits’ (wolf’s prey) population to rapidly increase, they need on the food that is grown by farmers. Stressors: Examples: Under road tunnels for salamanders (high way was located right where they home was). Paths for animals to cross highways to decrease the amount of road kill (the animals can go their natural route). Fragmentation: Areas broken up in pieces It’s harder to mate because there is things in-between them. The lost of bears because they are killed by park rangers, road kill, and less babies than what was loss. Ecosystem/ food chain: Whatever happens to the top predator can cause the disturbance of the food chain cycle because their preys’ population increase. Wolfs relocated or kill causes the rabbits population increasing so it also affects the farmers. Bio-magnification: Process where the poisons of the lower organisms is magnified in the high organisms. Herbicides poison can disturb the food chain because rats eat the plants, eagles eat the rat, and bigger animals eat the eagles. (there’s also contamination in water) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Stressors Bio – magnification is the process where the poisons of the lower organisms are magnified in the high organisms. Pollution (air pollution, pesticides/herbicides) Herbicides poison can disturb the food chain because rats eat the plant, eagles eat the rat, and bigger animals eat the eagles, plus the contamination in water for aquatic life. Other stressors: Alien Species (non native animals/plants) Overuse Stressors: Examples: Under road tunnels for salamanders (high way was located right where they home was). Paths for animals to cross highways to decrease the amount of road kill (the animals can go their natural route). Fragmentation: Areas broken up in pieces It’s harder to mate because there is things in-between them. The lost of bears because they are killed by park rangers, road kill, and less babies than what was loss. Ecosystem/ food chain: Whatever happens to the top predator can cause the disturbance of the food chain cycle because their preys’ population increase. Wolfs relocated or kill causes the rabbits population increasing so it also affects the farmers. Bio-magnification: Process where the poisons of the lower organisms is magnified in the high organisms. Herbicides poison can disturb the food chain because rats eat the plants, eagles eat the rat, and bigger animals eat the eagles. (there’s also contamination in water) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Adventure Tourism Soft Adventure Less risky Less strenuous Little or no preparation E.g. trail hiking, canoeing on a small lake, etc. Adventure Tourism: Soft: hiking, don’t need training relaxing Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Adventure Tourism Hard Adventure Can be dangerous Person needs to be fit Person needs to have trained E.g. deep sea diving, white water rafting, hiking the West Coast Trail, etc. Adventure Tourism: Hard adventure: hiking (Mount Everest), needs to be fit, and needs to been trained. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Ecotourism Responsible travel designed to educate the traveler about interrelationships & physiology of organisms & their environment. Sustainable Tourism Responsible Tourism Ecotourism: How everything is connected, and the physiology of organisms and their environments.

Ecotourism is often about Sustainability
Sustainability: Ensuring that you do not use more than can be replaced, that you take care of the resources for future use. Ecotourism in Canada MUST be sustainable. For example: NOT sustainable: If you use more trees than can be grown to replace the ones you use, you will soon run out of trees. IS sustainable: If you make sure that all trees that you cut down are replaced by growing trees, then you will not run out of trees. Sustainability: Not using more than can be replaced. Cutting less trees so that they can’t grow more to replace the ones you used. Ecotourism in Canada MUST be sustainable. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Ecotourism Continued Greenwashing is when companies/ businesses say they are ecotourism companies but they aren’t. – too many tour operators and suppliers using ecotourism to encourage clients yet NOT doing anything to ensure they are being responsible to our ecosystems Ecotourism is the fastest growing tourism industry (grows 6 – 9% annually). Whitewashing is covering up and hiding the bad spots. Ecotourism Greenwashing is when companies/ businesses say they are ecotourism companies but they are not. Fastest growing tourism industry (6-9%) & they make lots of money. Whitewashing is covering up & hiding the bad spots so it looks clean & pretty. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Ecotourism Continued Environmental stewardship is not only the supplies responsibilities but also our owns because we should check where our money is spend. Tourism supplier & consumer responsibilities: Minimizing negative economic & environmental impacts. Negative: unemployment during off tourism season (too dependant & focused on tourist dollars). Positive: prepare greater benefits for locals (economic benefits). Ecotourism: Environmental stewardship is not only supplies & consumers responsibilities but also ours because we should check where our money goes when it’s spent. Negative economic impacts: Unemployment during off tourism season (too dependant on tourist dollars). Wiped out economic because of the earthquake (too much focus on tourist dollars. Positive economic impacts: Prepare greater benefits for locals (economic benefit for local citizens). Prepare jobs non related to tourism. Economic leakage: Money that is spend at the destination does not stay there, the money leaks out (not a huge benefit for that destination). Suppliers/ consumer’s responsibilities to keep some of the money in their location & ensure there’s a meaningful & accurate definition of their culture. They should also provide equal access for the people (handicap people). Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Ecotourism Continued Improving working conditions Involving locals in decisions that affect their lives Providing meaningful connections with local culture for tourists Providing access for physically challenged people Economic leakage is money that is spend at the destinations but doesn’t stay there (not a huge benefit for that destination). Is suppliers/ consumer’s responsibilities to keep some of the money in their location & ensure there’s a meaningful & accurate demonstration of their culture. Ecotourism: Environmental stewardship is not only supplies & consumers responsibilities but also ours because we should check where our money goes when it’s spent. Negative economic impacts: Unemployment during off tourism season (too dependant on tourist dollars). Wiped out economic because of the earthquake (too much focus on tourist dollars. Positive economic impacts: Prepare greater benefits for locals (economic benefit for local citizens). Prepare jobs non related to tourism. Economic leakage: Money that is spend at the destination does not stay there, the money leaks out (not a huge benefit for that destination). Suppliers/ consumer’s responsibilities to keep some of the money in their location & ensure there’s a meaningful & accurate definition of their culture. They should also provide equal access for the people (handicap people). Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

The Ecotourism Market Segment
Ecotourists tend to be more mature (older), have post- secondary education, prefer longer trips and are often willing to pay more for this type of tourism. Growing areas of interest: Cultural tourism is where you learn about their living/ culture. Heritage tourism is where you learn about the history of the place (exploring historical locations). Ecotourist are usually more mature (meaning older) , tends to be more education (knows more about the environment), got the time, & lastly got the money. Cultural tourism is where you learn about their living. Heritage tourism is when you learn about the history of the place (exploring historical locations). Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Tourism’s Impact on Environment
In some ways, Tourism is viewed as a “user” and “abuser” of the environment We need to limit harm to the environment There are 2 viewpoints : Tourism provides an incentive for the restoration of sites and for the conservation of natural resources Tourism means overcrowding, pollution and maybe even extinction of animal life and vegetation Tourism Impacts: Preserving sites that you value (Great Wall of China). Overcrowding, too much people visiting can ruin the natural environment.

Tourism’s Impact Continued
Carrying capacity – the maximum # of people who can use a site with only acceptable alteration to the physical environment and only acceptable decline in the quality of the experience for future visitors Tourism Impacts: Carrying capacity is how much people can come before seeing a change in the environment, how much people so that the land won’t be ruined. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Tourism’s Impact on the Natural Environment
Vegetation: humans walking on the plants -> killing them & also overcrowding in the area can ruin the environment. Water quality: everyone drinks water then has to go to the bathroom -> the toilets flushing many times! Wildlife: there are pathways where they are in the middle of animals habitat or migration route. Tourism Impacts on Natural Environment: Vegetation: humans walking on the plants -> killing them, overcrowding in the area can ruin the environment. Water quality: everyone drinking water then has to pee causing lots of flushes in toilets. Wildlife: there is pathways where they are in the middle of animal life (migration). Coastlines: building hotels near the beach, but the beach is disappearing so they dig up more sand to make the beach. Mountains: so many people visiting the mountains ruining the natural mountain. Deserts: desertification (expansion of deserts), deserts are going in non – deserts areas, & moving around because of their expanding desert.

Tourism’s Impact on the Natural Environment
Coastlines: building hotels near the beach, but the beach disappears so they have to dig up more sand to make the beach. Mountains: so many people visiting the mountains ruining the natural mountain. Deserts: desertification (meaning expansion of deserts), deserts are extending to non – desert areas. The deserts are expanding north and south. Tourism Impacts on Natural Environment: Vegetation: humans walking on the plants -> killing them, overcrowding in the area can ruin the environment. Water quality: everyone drinking water then has to pee causing lots of flushes in toilets. Wildlife: there is pathways where they are in the middle of animal life (migration). Coastlines: building hotels near the beach, but the beach is disappearing so they dig up more sand to make the beach. Mountains: so many people visiting the mountains ruining the natural mountain. Deserts: desertification (expansion of deserts), deserts are going in non – deserts areas, & moving around because of their expanding desert.

Balancing The Negative Environmental Impact
Dealing with climate warming seriously Reducing carbon dioxide released into the air Oil sands cause pollution floating around in the air. (Canada plays the biggest role in polluting using oil sands). Burning the Amazon forest is also causing a huge amount of CO2 in the air. Fuel efficient, non-carbon-producing methods of energy Solar energy: sun’s energy using solar panels to work Wind: energy using windmills Balancing Negative Environmental Impact: Oil sands causing the pollution in the air. Burning the amazon forest are causing huge amount of carbon dioxide in air. Types of energy: Solar Wind Biofuel Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Canada’s Green Plan It is hoped that at least 12% of Canada’s lands become protected spaces Environmental considerations must be a priority Canadians must be educated about conservation Green Committees in Hotels Canada’s Green Plan: Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education Canada

Terms to be covered Outdoor recreation Heritage tourism
Adventure tourism Ecotourism Sustainable tourism Economic leakage Community – based tourism Hard adventure Soft adventure Outdoor education

QUESTIONS!!

What is meant by outdoor recreation?
Spending time outdoor regarding tourism. Playing sports. Going on a bike ride. Chilling on the beach!

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Heritage tourism is…? Exploring different cultures.
Exploring the landscape. Exploring the history of a location. Exploring heritage park.

Adventure tourism is not?
Hard adventure. Soft adventure. White water rafting. Watching a competition on TV .

Ecotourism means? Tourism of the environment. Playing with dolphins.
Travelling to Donald Trump’s hair. Visiting the Calgary Tower.

Which one of the following examples is sustainable tourism?
Cutting trees and planting more to replace them. Cutting down trees and converting the land to grow crops. Exploring the history and culture of a location. Going skydiving or bungee jumping.

What is not the example of community – based tourism?
Callaway Park Disney World Cardel Recreation Centre Genesis Centre

Not an example of hard adventure?
White water rafting. Hiking on a mountain. Sky diving. Playing at the beach!

Not an example of soft adventure?
White water rafting. Beach volleyball. Swimming with dolphins. Canoeing on a small lake.

Outdoor education is? Learning about the environment outside.
Travelling the world. Exploring the different cultures. Growing flowers!!

Which of the following is the BEST explanation of economic leakage is about?
Money that is earned at a location but doesn’t remain there. Money earned in a location and stays there. When oil leaks into the ground. When an economy loses money.

Correct!! Congratulation, you have passed the test! :D

YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE TEST!

Adventure Tourism & Ecotourism

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