1. Rat Dissection Final

2. Skinning Your Rat

3. Carefully remove the skin of the rat to expose the muscles below.
This task is best accomplished with scissors and forceps where the skin is gently lifted and snipped away from the muscles.
Use the lines on the diagram to cut a similar pattern, avoiding the genital area.
Gently peel the skin from the muscles, using scissors and a probe to tease away muscles that stick to the skin.

4. The Muscular System
Identify the Following Muscles:

5. Rectus Abdomis
Oblique
Deltoid
Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi
Gastrocnemius
Biceps Femoris
Biceps
Triceps
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Sartorius
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Soleus
Tibialis Anterior

6. Muscular System Questions:
Describe aerobic respiration
Describe anaerobic respiration
Muscular System Questions:

7. The Thoracic Organs

8. Cut through the abdominal wall of the rat following the incision marks in the picture.
Be careful not to cut to deeply and keep the tip of your scissors pointed upwards. Do not damage the underlying structures.
Once you have opened the body cavity, you will need to rinse it in the sink.
Locate the following organs:
Diaphragm
Heart
Traceha
Lungs
Remove the Heart and one Lung and set them aside
Procedure:

9. The Heart: Locate the following: Right and Left atria
Right and Left Ventricles
Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves
Aorta
Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery and Vein
Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located!
The Heart:

10. Trace the flow of blood through the heart
Heart Questions

11. The Lungs Locate the following: Right and Left Bronchial Tubes
Bronchiolles
Alveoli
Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located!
The Lungs

12. How does the structure of a bronchial tube differ from the structure of a bronchiole?
What is an alveoli?
Describe internal respiration.
Describe external respiration.
Describe the volume and pressure changes associates with pulmonary ventilation.
Lung Questions:

13. The Abdominal Organs

14. Remove the stomach and set it aside
Locate the Following:
Liver
Esophagus
Stomach
Spleen
Pancreas
Small Intestine
Duodenum
Ileum
Jejenum
Large Intestine
Ascending Colon
Decending Colon
Sigmoid Colon
Transverse Colon
Rectum
Remove the stomach and set it aside

15. The Stomach Locate the Following: Rugae Cardiac Sphincter
Pyloric Sphincter
Cardai
Fundus
Pylorus
Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located!
The Stomach

16. The Pelvic Organs

17. Locate the Following: Kidneys Renal Artery Renal Vein Ureter Urethra
Bladder

18. Urinary System Questions:
Describe the process of filtration and the structure associated with this process.
Describe the process of reabsorption and the structures associated with this process.
What is micturition?
Describe what healthy urine should and should not contain.
Urinary System Questions:

19. The Reproductive System
You will be responsible for identification of BOTH male and female organs regardless of the sex or your rat!

20. Locate the Following Testes Scrotum Vas Deferens Epididymis Penis
Prostate
Vagina
Ovary
Fallopian Tubes
Uterus: Notice the uterine horns extending towards the kidneys. This uterus is common for animals that give birth to litters
Note: If you cannot see a structure due to the small scale of the rat, be able to explain where it is located!

21. Reproductive System Questions
Describe the monthly female hormone cycle.
Describe the 3 phases of labor.
Reproductive System Questions