1. Aim: What was Wilson’s plan for peace?

2. Fourteen Points: Wilson’s plan for peace
GOAL: Eliminate the causes of War
diplomacy in the public view
freedom of the seas
lower tariffs
Arms reduction
de-colonialization of empires
Points are very idealistic… WHY?
League of Nations – Wilson’s creation

3. Wilson’s Mistakes
Asked voters to elect Democrats to Congress to support his policies – slaps Republicans in the face
Refused to take major Republican leader with him to the Paris peace talks
Went to Paris very idealistic – goal was to create world peace
other leaders wanted to punish Germany and divide up their territory
Peace talks drag on for months

4. Treaty of Versailles – Issues
Four countries had collapsed
Russia
Germany
Ottoman Empire
Austria-Hungary
Invited Leaders
Wilson – U.S
Clemenceau – France
Orlando – Italy
George – G.B.

5. Redrawing the Map Treaty of Versailles – New Nations Germany
gained territory from Russia was taken by the Allies: made into new nations
Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland
Austria-Hungary
Nations created - Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia
Nations expanded – Romania, Poland, Italy
Ottoman Empire
Cut into mandates to be supervised by Allies under the League of Nations
Syria – France
Palestine, Trans-Jordan, Iraq – Great Britain

6. Policy Changes Germany and Reaction
German leaders were not allowed to attend Paris peace talks
held at Versailles Palace. Some rooms surrounded by barbed wire
expected a treaty based on the 14 Points
Treaty of Versailles – Germany
1. Germany must accept full responsibility for the war
2. Took away German colonies, coal, fields, steel industry, Alsace & Lorraine
3. Reduced German army and navy (NO Submarines)
4. Forced Germany to pay $33 billion in war reparations
Senate Rejects Treaty of Versailles
1.Basis for rejection was the promise to defend one another’s territory against aggression in the League of Nations charter
2. Senate felt the treaty would restrict America from making foreign policy decisions
3. United States never ratified the Treaty of Versailles