1. Chapter 7: Gathering Materials

2. Using your own experience
Chapter 5
Picked familiar topics
Introducing classmates
Choosing a topic you have experience with
Keep it personal
"The mind is a wonderful thing. It starts working the minute you're born and never stops working until you get up to speak in public." (Unknown)
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Washington University (Presentation tips)
Gathering Materials:
Planning for Australia
Major Sites and itinerary
Cost?
Travel systems
How do you gather information?
Consult people
Guidebooks
Internet
Draw upon previous experience

3. Library Research “Are Librarians Totally Obsolete?
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4. Librarians Help find specific groups of knowledge
Using sorting systems

5. Catalogue Many different systems
Searching via title, author, subject or keyword

6. Reference Work Types: Encyclopedias Yearbooks Quote books
Biographical Ads

7. Encyclopedias and Yearbooks
Cover a variety of topic
Specialized encyclopedias include:
African American Encyclopedia, the Encyclopedia of Religion, and the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology.
The two most valuable yearbooks are:
Facts on File and World Almanac and Book of Facts

8. Quote Books Biographical Ads
Indispensable source for speakers and writers
Excellent quotation books include:
The New Quotable Woman, and Ancient Words of Wisdom
Info about people and news
More specialized biographical ads are:
Contemporary Black Biography, Who’s Who Among Asian American, and Dictionary of Hispanic Biography

9. Newspaper Periodical databases
Locate thousands of publications
DON’T use abstract
Examples:
Proquest, Lexus Nexus, and World News Connection.

10. Academic Databases Articles by experts in the field
Published in peer reviewed journals

11. Searching the internet
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The Internet has been called the worlds biggest library
You can find a lot of information on the internet
Experts suggests that you use the Internet as a supplement, not to replace, library research

12. Search Engines They are the key to finding materials on the internet
Search engines allow access billions of web pages
It has tools devoted to images, videos, news, blogs, and finance
There are many search engines, but the most used one is Google

13. Search Engines cont...
“The internet is like a library with no catalog where all the books get up and move themselves every night.”
-Kathryn L. Schwarts
Internet search engines are powerful tools of information in the research process.
More info in search engines can be found at (

14. Specialized research resources
Search engines can be very helpful, but they aren't the only way to find information
The following specialized resources, ( Virtual Libraries, Government Resources, and Wikipedia) concentrate on sites that are most likely to be helpful as you work on your speeches

15. Virtual Libraries
Virtual libraries are search engines that combine Internet technology with traditional library methods of assessing data
The best virtual library on the Internet is a merger of 2 previous virtual libraries
Librarians Internet Index & Internet Public Library
For example: ipl2 ( this site has more than 20,000 entries organized in 12 main topics

16. Government Resources
A great perk of the Internet as a research tool is the access it provides to government documents and publications
Whether you’re looking for information on the federal government or on the state or local agency chances are you can find by starting your search at one of these sites
USA.gov (
Statistical Abstract (ww.census.gov/compendia/statab)

17. Wikipedia Wikipedia is the biggest encyclopedia in human history
But is Wikipedia a reliable source of information?
Several years ago the answer would be no, Today, however its reliability are as high as those from print encyclopedias.
Wikipedia is a good place to start to learn about a topic, but its not a good place to end.

18. Evaluating Internet Documents
When doing research in the library everything has been evaluated one way or another before it gets to you.
Once a work is published, it has to be approved by the acquisitions to be in the library.
Anyone with access to the Internet can share their own opinion
“Don’t believe everything you read on the Internet.”
Now we will look at three criteria (Authorship, Sponsorship, and Recency)

19. Authorship
In a book or magazine article it is fairly easy to find information about the author.
If you cant find information on the author on the Internet on the document itself, look for a link to the authors homepage or to another site that explains the author’s credentials
You can type in the authors name in a Google search box and if the author is a accepted authority on the subject

20. Sponsorship
Many web documents are published by businesses, government agencies, public-interest groups, and individual authors.
Over the years some organizations have developed strong reputations for their expertise and objectivity in sponsorship.
One way to gauge the credibility of an organization is to type its name into the Google search tool
You can also check the About link on the organization’s web page
Verify the credentials of an author or identify a credible sponsoring organization for an internet document

21. Recency
One of the advantages of using the internet for research is that it too often has more recent day information than you can find in print resources
Just because a document is on the internet doesn’t mean it’s facts and figures are up to the minute.
The best way to determine the recency of a document is to look for a copyright, publication date, or a date of a last revision at the top or bottom of the document
Determine whether it is good enough to use in your speech when you know the date of the document
Search for another work who's recency you can verify if you cant find the publication date

22. Interviewing Falls into 3 groups
What to do before the interview
What to do during the interview
What to do after the interview
Research or investigating a specific topic

23. Purpose of the Interview
A first-hand option to answer questions
Formulate the purpose for the interview
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24. Whom to Interview Elect to start at the top
Teachers
CEO’s
Athletic directors
More likely to have a broad understanding of the topic
If you need more specific information, they will be the first to get it for you

25. Arrange/ Schedule the Interview
Work out a plan for setting up the interview
Go to the office yourself and request the interview
Set up the interview for 3-5 days later

26. Recording an Interview
Major advantage of recording:
Gives you an exact record for direct quotes and facts
Take notes by hand
If the interviewee does not want to be recorded, rely solely on your hand written notes
Never record the interview without the knowledge or consent of the interviewee

27. Preparing your Questions
Most important pre-interview task
Devise questions that are sensible, intelligent and meaningful
Shy away from tough questions or save them until the end
Don’t want to forget anything so be organized and take a list of questions with you

28. Quick Interview Tips
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29. Being Alert and Flexible
Being able to adjust the meeting time around the interviewee’s schedule
Pay close attention to all the details

30. Dress Appropriately and On time
The interviewee is doing you a favor by agreeing to do an interview, so be early not just on time
Nothing causal
Clean up and wear clothing suitable for the occasion

31. Listen attentively and take accurate notes
Pay close attention to the answers you receive
When you don’t understand something, ask for clarification
Chances are they have been misquoted, so they will be happy to oblige.
Make sure to write everything down, not just the main point

32. Keeping the interview on track
The goal is to get the answers to the questions you have prepared
Throughout the interview you pursue new leads when they appear
Improvise with follow up questions
Then move on in an orderly fashion

33. Don’t overstay your welcome
Keep within the stipulated time period for the interview
Don’t hold them up afterwards unless the interviewee prolongs the session
When the interview is over, thank the person for taking the time to talk to you

34. Review your notes
When you leave the interview, it is fresh in your mind
As time passes, details become hazy
Concentrate on 2 things
Discovering the main points and discovering specific info that will be useful

35. Transcribe your notes
Make sure it is in the same format as the research in the rest of your notes
Put all your notes in the same format so that it is easier to rearrange them when you organize your speech

36. In conclusion, Many resources you can use Questions? Own experience
Most of the time outside resources
Library contains a vast majority or the resources
Use catalog
Internet- authentic
Check the authorship, sponsoring organization, and recency
Interview
Take good notes
active listener
review and transcribe your notes after
Questions?