1. There are six “forms” of energy:
1) Heat Energy: (Thermal) Measurement of total movement of Particles (kinetic energy)
Heat Energy is the form of energy that
is related to and caused by “heat”
Measurement of total movement
of molecules (Kinetic Energy)
Heat energy is measured
by “Temperature”
So a higher temperature simply
means that the atoms
are moving faster!
Liquid A
Liquid B
A higher temp. means more Kinetic
energy for the molecules!
Think: Which of the two liquid samples
has a higher temperature? WHY?

2. 2) Mechanical Energy:
Energy which deals with the motion of physical objects both large and small.
Like a ball bouncing…
Ball
Oh! And don’t forget music!
A person running…
A rocket launching…
Important: All motion will create heat! Rub your hands together,
what do you feel? Run a mile, what happens to your core
temp? Drive a car then feel the hood, what does it feel like?

3. Mechanical Energy
The little squares represent individual
Molecules of a “medium”. Notice they just
Move back and forth as he energy passes through!
Sound = Oscillations or vibrations of molecules due to compressional disturbances
The wave lines represent the movement of energy!
Not the movement of the molecules themselves!

4. 3) Electric Energy:
= Movement of electric charges in FLOW of ELECTRONS
These charges can be made
to move through a wire
Electric energy “flows” through
wires to our houses where
we plug stuff in!
Electricity is electric energy
Lightning is Electric energy

5. 4) Electromagnetic Energy:
Energy from the wave motion of a moving charged particle in that disturbs the electromagnetic field, the result is the light we see.
+/-
Color is simply a form of light that our
eyes can see. All forms of light are
from a wave motion of particles

6. held together by chemical
5) Chemical Energy:
= Energy holding atoms to other atoms (“bonds”)
Batteries use atomic
bonds for energy
Food=People Fuel!
2 Oxygen atoms being
held together by chemical
energy!
Fire is a result of
chemical energy
Plants make sugar
from sunlight
Gasoline=Car Fuel!

7. If we split an atoms nucleus, we release TONS of energy!!!
6) Nuclear energy:
Energy holding the nucleus (center) of an atom together.
If we split an atoms nucleus, we release TONS of energy!!!
Nuclear energy holds
P+ and N0 of the
nucleus together

8. Nuclear Energy We normally think of Nuclear
Energy like a nuclear bomb!
The most classic example of
Nuclear Energy is the Sun!
The idea of this energy being let
loose can be scary
Inside the sun, Atoms of Hydrogen
are being broken apart and remade into
new elements (like: Helium and Carbon)
In fact, all the energy for every
solar system starts out as
Nuclear Energy in a star!
But humans have figured out that
we can control this energy enough
to use it for electricity!

9. Energy Transfer
One of the most important concepts is: All types and forms of energy can be changed into any other type or form.
Example: Potential changes into Kinetic
Video: “Elasta-Girl!”
Stop once you reach this slide!!! Wait for the teacher to show you the video.

10. How “Elasta-Girl” shows Energy transfer:
As she gets pulled back the bungee cords
gain more elastic potential energy
Wait a minute! Why did we get
A change in the graphs at the end?
When she is released, all that
Elastic Potential changes into
Kinetic as the cords snap back
Potential
Kinetic

11. Remember the roller coaster?
The Gravitational Potential
Energy of the roller coaster
transfers into Kinetic Energy
when it rolls down the hill!
Watch the graphs while
the coaster falls!
Potential
Kinetic

12. What about the rocket? Watch the graphs while the rocket takes off:
Potential
Kinetic

13. But it isn’t as simple as that!
There is more energy involved here
than just Potential and Kinetic:
Think: so why are the heights of each graph different?
The total amount of the Potential energy we started with
equals the amount of energy we ended up with!
Chemical
Potential
Kinetic
Gravitational
Potential
Heat

14. Ex: “Burrell’s Energy Spheres of FUN!”
Energy Form Transfer:
All energy can be transferred from one form to another.
For example:
Mechanical Heat
Ex: “Burrell’s Energy Spheres of FUN!”
Stop here and wait for the teacher to do a demo:

15. Main Concept:
Any Form of energy can change into pretty much any other form of energy including a change into more than one at a time!
Heat
Chemical
Nuclear
Electromagnetic
Mechanical
Heat
Heat
Chemical
Heat
Electric
All energy changes also make heat! This heat is usually lost to space..
Think: Did you notice how many times “heat energy”
showed up? What might explain this?

16. Three main facts of energy transfer:
Main Concept 6: There is only so much total energy in the universe.
All forms of energy are interchangeable
“Law of Conservation of Energy”
Says: Energy cannot be created or destroyed it is always
conserved somewhere/somehow. Energy can only be moved or changed into something else.
(changed from one type or form into another)

17. Conservation of Energy:
Stop here and wait for your teacher to do a demonstration:
Ex: “The Pendulum of Fear!”
The pendulum will NOT gain or lose energy when it swings!
It only swings with as much energy as it is given!

18. Application of Energy Conservation:
But we realize that pendulums WILL eventually slow down and stop swinging! This seems to contradict the Law of C.E.
BUT IT DOESN’T!
Can you explain why the pendulum does slow down?
(hint: think about forces!)
Friction from air resistance
Both forces act to slow down and
eventually stop the pendulum.
Gravity is constantly pulling down

19. We can draw a “flow chart” to show energy changes:
Gravitational
Potential
Mechanical
Electric
Light and Heat
Moving water turns a “generator” to make electricity that comes to
our house and we use for lots of things