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Figure 10.1 Flow in a duct with area change.
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Figure 10.2 Flowmeter using venturi tube.
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Figure 10. 3 Dimensional specifications of venturi tube
Figure Dimensional specifications of venturi tube. (Based on ASME, 1989.)
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Figure Flow nozzle.
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Figure 10.5 Dimensional specifications for ASME long-radius flow nozzles. (Based on ASME, 1989.)
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Figure 10.6 (a) Orifice meter system; (b) description of square-edged orifice.
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Figure Location of orifice meter pressure taps: (a) flange taps; (b) D-1/2D taps; (c) corner taps.
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Figure 10.8 Laminar flowmeter.
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Figure 10.9 Sketch of rotameter.
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Figure 10.10 Turbine flowmeter.
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Figure 10.11 Paddle-wheel flowmeter.
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Figure 10.12 Thermal mass flowmeter.
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Figure 10.13 Coriolis mass flowmeter: (a) schematic of single tube; (b) practical implementation.
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Figure 10.14 A positive-displacement flowmeter.
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Figure 10.15 Vortex shedding flowmeter.
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Figure 10.16 Transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter.
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Figure 10.17 Velocity profile in a duct.
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Figure 10.18 Hot-wire air mass flowmeter.
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Figure 10.19 Volumetric gas measurement.
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Figure 10.20 Pitot-static velocity probe.
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Figure Hot-wire probe.
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Figure 10.22 Constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer system.
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Figure 10.23 Constant-current hot-wire anemometer circuit.
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Figure 10.24 Dual-beam laser velocimeter.
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Figure 10.25 Fringes in sensing volume.
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Figure 10.26 Float-type level systems.
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Figure 10.27 Differential pressure level-measuring system.
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Figure 10.28 Capacitance level-measuring system.
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Figure 10.29 Ultrasonic fluid level system.
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Figure 10.30 Tank weighing method for fluid level.
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Figure 10. 31 Schematic diagram of a typical NDIR gas analysis system
Figure Schematic diagram of a typical NDIR gas analysis system. (Based on Wark and Warner, 1981.)
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Figure 10. 32 Schematic of a chemiluminescent measurement device
Figure Schematic of a chemiluminescent measurement device. (Based on Lodge, 1989.)
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Figure 10.33 Schematic flow diagram of a chemiluminescent NOx analyzer.
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Figure 10. 34 Schematic of flame ionization detector
Figure Schematic of flame ionization detector. (Based on Wark and Warner, 1981.)
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Figure 10.35 Typical sampling configuration for exhaust-gas measurement.
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