1. Reinforcing Effort
David Treml
Jill Risse

2. Generalizations
Not all students realize the importance of believing in effort
Students can learn to operate from a belief that effort pays off even if they do not initially have this belief

3. Recommendation for classroom practice
Explicitly teach students about the importance of effort
Have students keep track of their effort and achievement
Technology makes it easier for students and teachers to track the effects of effort and facilitates more immediate feedback

4. Examples Use a spreadsheet P. 157
Students can clearly see the relation between their effort and grades they earned on their test.
Math Lesson

5. Effort / Achievement Chart

6. Strong effort and good attitude will bring good grades
What we learned
Strong effort and good attitude will bring good grades

7. Identifying Similarities and Differences
Chapter 9
Identifying Similarities and Differences

8. Why identify similarities and differences in the content
Enhances their understanding of and ability to use knowledge

9. How to incorporate this in your classroom
Teach to use comparing, classifying, metaphors, and analogies
Give students a model of steps
Use familiar context
Graphic organizers (visual tool)
Scaffold process
Technology makes it easier to do these things by using word processing, spreadsheet application, organizing and brainstorming software, and data collection tools.

10. Examples Blue Purple Red Yellow Genre Time Period Authors Books:
Tale of Two Cities Spaghetti in my Hair
Outsiders Mrs. Herman
Nothing but the Truth Boy Walking Meets Squatting Dog
Bud not Buddy He Can Sing, but Can’t Dance

11. Analogy Comparisons Hot is to Cold ___________ Relationship
Night is to Day

12. Spreadsheet capabilities
Complete and then Graph

13. Inspiration
Enrique
Oscar
Ursula

14. Kids understand comparisons better when represented visually
What we learned
Kids understand comparisons better when represented visually